This study examines attitudes to language use and maintenance among Yorùbá-English bilinguals in the United States. Using the direct approach in language attitude research, it specifically interrogates attitudes toward using the heritage language (HL) in public domains and maintenance among subsequent generations. It also jointly examines the…

Individual reports of language history, use, and proficiency are generally considered sufficient for language profiling. Yet, these variables alone neglect the contribution of contextual linguistic diversity to one's overall language repertoire. In this study we used the Contextual Linguistic Profile Questionnaire to evaluate whether there is a…

This paper looks at how the promotion and usage of translanguaging practices in the teaching process facilitates learning Greek as a L2 by unaccompanied minor refugee students in a class of non-formal education. Drawing on ethnographic data the present study examines how educational interventions that were designed following the principles of…

Immigrant parents have varied yet comparable language ideologies, perspectives, and experiences. In this qualitative case study, 67 immigrant parents were interviewed, 37 Chinese and 30 Latinx, whose children were enrolled in Mandarin-English and Spanish-English bilingual after-school programs at two urban public elementary schools in the U.S.…

This study explores the responsiveness of an elementary teacher's support for emergent bilingual students by examining the connections between the teacher's assessment expertise, formative assessment practices, and emergent bilinguals' unique language needs in math classes. The study, which investigated the indicators that characterize a…

This article focuses on translanguaging, which has been posited as a language practice, pedagogical tool, and lens that values individuals' linguistic resources and deems them valuable. Scholars have postulated that translanguaging is rooted in social justice, as it aims to address social inequities among emergent bilinguals. Yet, do educators…

Emergent bi/multilingual children have historically been afforded few opportunities to engage dialogically with peers and teachers in posing authentic questions and co-constructing interpretations of texts as their reading instruction has traditionally been skills driven. Additionally, more recent scholarship has identified increased opportunities…

Translanguaging pedagogies have been documented to support language minoritized students in various ways, such as supporting their academic learning, affirming their bi-/multilingual and cultural identities, and disrupting the colonial and monolingual ideologies dominating school curricula. Yet, very few scholars have pointed to the existing…

Chinatowns, as neighborhoods for overseas ethnic Chinese, have garnered considerable scholarly attention from linguistic landscape (LL) researchers in recent years. These investigations tend to treat old immigrants who have been tied to the neighborhoods for generations as the key text producers of LL, with far too little attention paid to the LL…

This article describes how the belief in the existence of a language gap has negative educational consequences for bilingual and bidialectal children from minoritized communities. This article first positions the idea of the language gap within the "achievement gap" discourse that has long been prevalent in educational circles. We then…

Translanguaging in classrooms opens spaces for multilingual students to engage in learning across the full range of their linguistic repertoire. We argue that one result of translanguaging pedagogy is that it can transform the talk-for-learning in the classroom and create a corriente or flow of ideas that is more free and less constrained than…

As Spanish heritage courses multiply all over the United States, the need to reexamine the curriculum and pedagogical approaches that are most appropriate to meet instructional goals is becoming increasingly pressing. Although several researchers have called for developing students' critical language awareness (CLA) in the Spanish heritage…

Employing an ethnographic design, this study analyzes three undergraduate English learners' (ELs) appropriation of language policy at a U.S. university. In this study, ELs refers to bi/multilingual students with U.S. K-12 schooling who do not meet their university's language proficiency requirements, and who are subsequently classified as ELs and…

Despite the importance of assessment accommodations, little is known about its use in the context of classroom assessments. To provide guidance for teachers on how to best support their emergent bilinguals during classroom assessments, there may be ideas from large-scale assessments that can be used in the classrooms. This article, a targeted…

Vitoria-Gasteiz, the capital city of the bilingual Basque Autonomous Community of Spain, is a largely Spanish-speaking city: over 90% of the city's population claims Spanish as their native language and less than one-fifth of the city's adult population is bilingual in Basque and Spanish (compare with more than one-third of the population of San…