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Direct linkCzenilriene J. Santander; Sharon Y. Lee; Gloria Peters; Carmen J. Marsit; Laura R. Stroud – Merrill-Palmer Quarterly: A Peer Relations Journal, 2024
Despite growing interest in placental epigenetics, the combined impact of prenatal stress and socioeconomic status on placental methylation is still largely understudied. We conducted a study to examine the associations of prenatal stress and socioeconomic factors (household income, Hollingshead socioeconomic index) with placental methylation.…
Descriptors: Stress Variables, Pregnancy, Socioeconomic Status, Prenatal Influences
Martin, Kiley; Musaus, Madeline; Navabpour, Shaghayegh; Gustin, Aspen; Ray, W. Keith; Helm, Richard F.; Jarome, Timothy J. – Learning & Memory, 2021
Strong evidence supports a role for protein degradation in fear memory formation. However, these data have been largely done in only male animals. Here, we found that following contextual fear conditioning, females, but not males, had increased levels of proteasome activity and K48 polyubiquitin protein targeting in the dorsal hippocampus, the…
Descriptors: Fear, Memory, Gender Differences, Animals
Keiser, Ashley A.; Wood, Marcelo A. – Learning & Memory, 2019
The epigenome serves as a signal integration platform that encodes information from experience and environment that adds tremendous complexity to the regulation of transcription required for memory, beyond the directions encoded in the genome. To date, our understanding of how epigenetic mechanisms integrate information to regulate gene expression…
Descriptors: Memory, Gender Differences, Molecular Structure, Genetics
Musso, Mariel F.; Cómbita, Lina M.; Cascallar, Eduardo C.; Rueda, M. Rosario – Mind, Brain, and Education, 2022
The objective of this research was to develop robust predictive models of the gains in working memory (WM) and fluid intelligence (Gf) following executive attention training in children, using genetic markers, gender, and age variables. We explore the influence of genetic variables on individual differences in susceptibility to intervention.…
Descriptors: Genetics, Artificial Intelligence, Gender Differences, Age Differences
Jones, Meghan E.; Sillivan, Stephanie E.; Jamieson, Sarah; Rumbaugh, Gavin; Miller, Courtney A. – Learning & Memory, 2019
microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potent regulators of learning, recent memory, and extinction. However, our understanding of miRNAs directly involved in regulating complex psychiatric conditions perpetuated by aberrant memory, such as in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), remains limited. To begin to address the role of miRNAs in persistent…
Descriptors: Genetics, Stress Variables, Fear, Memory
Shen, Jie – Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, 2018
This work describes the development and evaluation of a two-session laboratory class based on Tet-on technology and sex determination in the fruit fly "Drosophila melanogaster." The Tet-on system allows conditional control of gene expression, when doxycycline is applied. A laboratory exercise has been developed to illustrate how the…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Genetics, Biochemistry, Sex
Siu, Michelle T.; Goodman, Sarah J.; Yellan, Isaac; Butcher, Darci T.; Jangjoo, Maryam; Grafodatskaya, Daria; Rajendram, Rageen; Lou, Youliang; Zhang, Rujun; Zhao, Chunhua; Nicolson, Rob; Georgiades, Stelios; Szatmari, Peter; Scherer, Stephen W.; Roberts, Wendy; Anagnostou, Evdokia; Weksberg, Rosanna – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2021
Many neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) share common learning and behavioural impairments, as well as features such as dysregulation of the oxytocin hormone. Here, we examined DNA methylation (DNAm) in the 1st intron of the oxytocin receptor gene, "OXTR," in patients with autism spectrum (ASD), attention deficit and hyperactivity (ADHD)…
Descriptors: Genetics, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Biochemistry
Baker-Andresen, Danay; Flavell, Charlotte R.; Li, Xiang; Bredy, Timothy W. – Learning & Memory, 2013
There are significant sex differences in vulnerability to develop fear-related anxiety disorders. Females exhibit twice the rate of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as males and sex differences have been observed in fear extinction learning in both humans and rodents, with a failure to inhibit fear emerging as a precipitating factor in the…
Descriptors: Animals, Fear, Females, Gender Differences
Li, James J.; Lee, Steve S. – Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 2010
To improve understanding about genetic and environmental influences on antisocial behavior (ASB), we tested the association of the 44-base pair polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) and maltreatment using latent class analysis in 2,488 boys and girls from Wave 1 of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. In boys,…
Descriptors: Antisocial Behavior, Biochemistry, Adolescents, Environmental Influences
Mouridsen, Svend Erik; Rich, Bente; Isager, Torben – Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 2010
Aim: To study the sex ratio (proportion of males) in siblings of individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) as children. Method: In the current study, we extended previous studies dealing with the androgen theory of autism and examined sex ratios in the siblings of 326 individuals with ASD (245 males, 81 females) who had been…
Descriptors: Siblings, Females, Autism, Psychiatry
van Roekel, Eeske; Scholte, Ron H. J.; Verhagen, Maaike; Goossens, Luc; Engels, Rutger C. M. E. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2010
Background: Loneliness is assumed to peak in early adolescence and to decrease throughout middle and late adolescence, but longitudinal confirmation of this tendency is lacking. Behavioral genetic studies with twin designs have found a significant genetic component for loneliness in children and adults, but no molecular genetic studies have been…
Descriptors: Late Adolescents, Early Adolescents, Biochemistry, Genetics
Quinlan, Matthew G.; Duncan, Andrew; Loiselle, Catherine; Graffe, Nicole; Brake, Wayne G. – Brain and Cognition, 2010
Estrogen has been shown to have a strong modulatory influence on several types of cognition in both women and female rodents. Latent inhibition is a task in which pre-exposure to a neutral stimulus, such as a tone, later impedes the association of that stimulus with a particular consequence, such as a shock. Previous work from our lab demonstrates…
Descriptors: Models, Inhibition, Genetics, Animal Husbandry
Del Giudice, Marco; Angeleri, Romina; Manera, Valeria – Developmental Review, 2009
This paper presents a new perspective on the transition from early to middle childhood (i.e., human juvenility), investigated in an integrative evolutionary framework. Juvenility is a crucial life history stage, when social learning and interaction with peers become central developmental functions; here it is argued that the "juvenile transition"…
Descriptors: Socialization, Child Development, Individual Differences, Biographies
Kima, Peter E.; Rasche, Madeline E. – Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, 2004
PCR has revolutionized many aspects of biochemistry and molecular biology research. In the following exercise, students learn PCR by isolating their own DNA, amplifying specific segments of the X and Y chromosomes, and estimating the sizes of the PCR products using agarose gel electrophoresis. Based on the pattern of PCR products, students can…
Descriptors: Microbiology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Genetics
