Children born to mothers with opioid use disorder (OUD) are at increased risk of maltreatment and out-of-home care (OOHC) placement. This study examines the parent-child interaction quality and home environments of 92 New Zealand children with prenatal opioid exposure (OE) and 106 non-opioid-exposed (NE) children. Experiences for those in maternal…

This study tested implications of new genetic discoveries for understanding the association between parental investment and children's educational attainment. A novel design matched genetic data from 860 British mothers and their children with home-visit measures of parenting: the E-Risk Study. Three findings emerged. First, both mothers' and…

This study examined the biological processes associated with foster mother-infant bonding. In an examination of foster mother-infant dyads ("N" = 41, mean infant age = 8.5 months), foster mothers' oxytocin production was associated with their expressions of behavioral delight toward their foster infant and their average P3 response to…

The purpose of this research paper is to find a correlation between peer, genetic, and environmental influences and the behavior and personality development during childhood. This study focuses on the 1999 Columbine High School Massacre to try to explain certain kinds of behavior. The study made on 275 freshmen at Cornell University showed that…

While both positive and negative peer interactions have long been a focus of scientific interest, much less attention has been given to children who tend to refrain from interacting with peers. This volume brings together leading authorities to review progress in understanding the development, causes, and consequences of shyness and social…

How children experience, express, and regulate distress has important implications for adjustment. Factors influencing individual differences in these aspects of affective behavior include temperament, context of situation, and parents, to name a few. Gender differences in the expression of affective behaviors have also been implicated in past…

Initial progress has been made in the conceptualization and study of attachment stability over time, and substantial evidence has accumulated on the association between attachment classification and biopsychosocial functioning (including social-emotional competence, cognition, physical health and mental health). The literature supports the…

Two major determinants of successful parent/infant interaction models (the infant's integrative competence and the initial forms of parenting) are analyzed, with particular attention being given to preterm infants and the biological roots of parenting. (MP)

Reviews the eight studies in this special section. Notes that the studies: (1) make a convincing case for stability across generations; (2) propose parenting practices as a mechanism that accounts for these stabilities; and (3) examine social interactional and biological variables as possible explanations for the effect of parenting practices.…

Discusses ways in which Myron Hofer's work (1987), which draws on studies of rodents and primates, alters the traditional perspective on human attachment. Emphasizes the importance of the component of attachment that does not develop in explaining attachment in the first six months of life. (PCB)

Reviews theories and research associated with biosocial and psychosocial explanations of juvenile delinquency in the context of the family. The studies discussed demonstrate that biological, psychological, and social forces are all determinants of parent-child relations in the development of delinquency. (JAC)

Discusses discriminative parental solicitude within the framework of evolutionary biology. Suggestions of how parents should behave are based on what characteristics of parent behavior might be expected as a product of evolution by natural selection. (Author/JAC)

The behaviors of narcotics-addicted and nonaddicted newborns in the first 2 days of life were assessed and compared. (JMB)

Concerned with the intellectual development of women and suggests that its principal determinants are biologically rooted potentials, parent-child relationships and both parent and subtle cultural reinforcement. (Editors)

This data compared language complexity measures, birth information, and family data for twins and singletons of the same sex, age, and socio-economic status. The subjects were four pairs of male twins, four pairs of female twins, four pairs of opposite sex twins, and 24 singletons, 32-33 months of age. Samples of each child's spontaneous…