Two studies investigated children's and their parents' reasoning about their mental and bodily states during the time prior to biological conception--"preexistence." Prior research has suggested that, in the absence of a religious script, children display untutored intuitions that they existed as largely disembodied emotional beings…

This study was designed to determine the factor(s) that influence the choice of the foot throughout the lifespan. To achieve this purpose, 86 right-footed participants (young children (5-- 8), adolescents (10-14), young adults (18-25) and older adults (over 50) were tested on two tasks of different levels of difficulty, performed in three spatial…

This research was conducted to determine whether there are differences between the norm values used in the evaluation of children who train in different sports and physical education lessons according to the chronological age and biological age of the children. The research group consists of a total of 239 male students of 13 (n=116) and 14…

This study examined the development of children's reasoning about the afterlife and its relationship with parental afterlife beliefs and testimony. A total of 123 children aged 5, 7, and 10 years were read a story describing the events that led to a person's death. After hearing the story, children were asked questions about the dead agent's…

This study investigated the middle and high school students' interests towards the subjects of human biology, specifically, "Human Health and Nutrition" and "Human Body and Organs." The study also investigated sources of their interests and factors that impact their interests, namely people that they interact and courses that…

Four experiments investigated children's understanding of the mind-body distinction by asking young children and adults various questions about the causes of bodily functions. The results suggest that children as young as six years of age have acquired an understanding of biology as an autonomous domain which is separate from that of psychology.…

In England the National Curriculum does not specifically mention the excretory system at key stages 1 and 2. Research by Reiss and Tunnicliffe (2001, 2002) has shown that children's knowledge of the organs and organ systems in their bodies increases with age but remains incomplete, even at maturity, unless they specialise in studying biology. The…

This study examined theory of mind (ToM) and concepts of human biology (eyes, heart, brain, lungs and mind) in a sample of 67 children, including 25 high functioning children with autism (age 6-13), plus age-matched and preschool comparison groups. Contrary to Baron-Cohen [1989, "Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders," 19(4),…