The Black Power ideology draws from the pluralistic foundation of group politics in American society and encompasses the main ideas relevant to the Black struggle against racism. In the 1970s, the ideology is almost synonymous with economic and political power, though the concepts of violence and separatism remain viable options. (Author/GC)

Identifies four hypotheses that researchers investigating Black women and their relationships have adopted: "weakening,""double whammy,""Black matriarchy," and "Black racism." Discusses the implications of these hypotheses and suggests new approaches for future research. (CJM)

Describes three models of ethnic identity development, with particular focus on their significance for understanding the socialization and self-concepts of Black children. Considers implications for educational reform and suggests the models provide useful frameworks for making better decisions about when educators should introduce materials about…

Concerns about misuse of "poor self-concept" are expressed. Criticisms center around uncertainty of basic assumptions about values Blacks and Indians place upon themselves, and particularly on deemphasis of that part of self-concept dependent on group identity. Before educators can talk about bolstering poor "self-concepts," certain socioeconomic…

Examined age and individual differences in racial attitudes among Black Canadian children, and explored how racial cognition might influence the development of in-group pride. Results from 66 children show racial differences increased with age, that constancy and reconciliation were not associated with racial attitudes, and that racially biased…