STEM education is essential but challenging. Educators generally believe that both practical work and flipped learning facilitate STEM education. Practical work is useful in establishing linkages among STEM-related disciplines as well as the connections between knowledge and the real-life problems while flipped learning allows teachers to spend…

The "flipped classroom" is an educational strategy about inverting the traditional use of in-class time for conducting lower-level learning activities and out-of-class time for conducting higher-level learning activities. "Guided social inquiry learning" (GSIL), which is a scaffolded constructivist pedagogic approach, has been…

Traditionally, the domain of higher education, the 'flipped classroom' is gaining in popularity in secondary school settings. In the flipped classroom, digital technologies are used to shift direct instruction from the classroom to the home, providing students with increased autonomy over their learning. While advocates of the approach believe it…