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The Multiple Legal Meanings of "Home Instruction" for Students with Disabilities: Legal Distinctions and Practical Considerations
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Zirkel, Perry A. – Journal of Special Education Leadership, 2023
The confusing variations of terminology that connect "home" with instruction warrant special care in relation to students with disabilities. The underlying core of these varying terms amounts to three distinct placement options in relation to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), here identified as homebound…
Descriptors: Students with Disabilities, Home Instruction, Student Placement, Home Schooling
Only Sticks and Stones?
Zirkel, Perry A. – Phi Delta Kappan, 2001
Discusses recent Third Circuit Court of Appeals decision in Pennsylvania case supporting claim that State College Area School District's anti-harassment policy violated two students' First Amendment right of free expression because it was overbroad. Draws lessons for public school officials. (PKP)
Descriptors: Board of Education Policy, Court Litigation, Elementary Secondary Education, Federal Courts
Academic Penalties for Absences.
Zirkel, Perry A.; Gluckman, Ivan B. – Principal, 1982
Discusses court cases challenging school policies denying credit or lowering grades because of excessive student absences. (JM)
Descriptors: Attendance, Board of Education Policy, Court Litigation, Credits
Accommodating Home Schoolers.
Zirkel, Perry A. – Principal, 2001
Discusses 10th Circuit Court decision upholding constitutionality of Oklahoma school district's policy that prohibited, with certain exceptions, part-time school enrollment, thus denying home-schooled student from taking certain specialized courses. (PKP)
Descriptors: Board of Education Policy, Court Litigation, Elementary Secondary Education, Federal Courts
Will They Sue? Will They Win? The Legal Audit of Curriculum.
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Zirkel, Perry A. – International Journal of Educational Reform, 1992
The legal audit of curriculum provides administrators with a procedure to systematically review local school policies and practices before they become involved in litigation by showing them the potential likelihood a suit would be successful against them. Over 160 court cases have been analyzed to develop the items in the legal curriculum audit.…
Descriptors: Board of Education Policy, Check Lists, Court Litigation, Curriculum
Caveat Surveyor.
Zirkel, Perry A. – Phi Delta Kappan, 2002
Reviews Ridgewood, New Jersey, case wherein several parents claimed that school district's student survey violated students' privacy rights protected by the Constitution and two federal statutes: The Family Rights and Privacy Act and the Protection of Pupil Rights Amendment. Discusses subsequent federal regulatory and state legislative action.…
Descriptors: Board of Education Policy, Constitutional Law, Court Litigation, Federal Courts
Be Prepared When Parents Complain.
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Zirkel, Perry A. – Updating School Board Policies, 1985
In 1978 Congress enacted an amendment to the General Education Provisions Act (the Hatch Amendment), which mandates two privacy-based safeguards in those federally funded programs "designed to explore or develop new or unproven teaching methods or techniques." Implementing regulations were issued last fall by the U.S. Department of…
Descriptors: Board of Education Policy, Conflict, Conservatism, Controversial Issues (Course Content)
The Law on Reduction-in-Force: A Summary of Legislation and Litigation. ERS Monograph.
Zirkel, Perry A.; Bargerstock, Charles T. – 1980
Declining enrollment and lower teacher turnover have forced many school districts to reduce the number of professional personnel employed. State legislatures, the courts, and local collective negotiations have been the principal scenes of legal activity concerning reduction in force (RIF). In this monograph, both technical legal information and…
Descriptors: Affirmative Action, Board of Education Policy, Collective Bargaining, Court Litigation