In recent years, policymakers and scholars argued that state education agencies (SEAs) should move away from simply acting as compliance monitors and take on more prominent roles as providers of technical support to schools and school districts. Scholars find that SEAs have struggled to do so, yet there is little empirical work to explain what…

Purpose: In 2017, the U.S. Supreme Court agreed to hear a highly publicized case brought by a transgender student, G.G., who was denied access to the bathroom that corresponds with his gender identity. Ultimately, the Court never heard this case, but the documents submitted to the Court remain a part of the historical record, worthy of examination…

Purpose: This article examines the relationship between educational and residential segregation in three school districts with differing approaches to student assignment. Racial and income segregation within school districts is often only examined at the school level, even as school patterns are often related to residential and attendance zone…

Purpose: This article examines factors that affect school board policy making about student diversity within two southern urban-suburban school districts experiencing changing demographics: Jefferson County Public Schools and the Wake County Public School System. Both districts have a history of voluntary integration efforts, and research shows…

Presents a theoretical framework that could be used by researchers and practitioners to understand the various dimensions and complexities of the bargaining process. (Author)

Examines how the federal accountability mandates affect the design and implementation of Title I schoolwide programs in three urban school districts: Chicago, Cleveland, and Detroit. Using case studies developed in each district, examines Title I schoolwide programs within the context of state and district policies adopted to meet the federal…

This study reviews research on the defeat of incumbent school board members and presents new election data on 104 southern California school districts. The findings confirm that incumbent defeat is episodic, but they challenge previous research regarding its nature and origins. (Author)

Examines the social and organizational contexts of enrollment decline in Quebec (Canada) and describes the management strategies adopted by Quebec school districts to survive within reduced budgets and to try to increase budgets. Proposes a contingency model of the districts' management strategies and discusses the strategies' consequences and…

Traces zero tolerance from federal Gun-Free Schools Act of 1994 through state compliance and state board of education regulations to school district policy and guidelines in Virginia. Reviews Virginia case involving suspension of a middle-school student for having a paring knife in his locker. Reviews other zero-tolerance cases. Questions the…

Reviews court cases and constitutional issues related to religious freedom, teachers' religious beliefs, and school board employment practices regarding teachers. Discusses such issues as leaves of absence, school curriculum, physical appearance, and clothing, and suggests implications for board employment practices and avenues for further…

Summarizes and analyzes constitutional doctrine dealing with school desegregation and reviews whether the courts have kept school desegregation law clear and understandable. (Author/JM)

Explores what happened within the Washington, D.C., school system as a result of the judicial decrees in Hobson V. Hansen and why the school system responded the way it dis. Focuses on the internal political and organizational responses to the decrees. (Author/IRT)