Analyzes trends in the social function of children's institutions of Israel (where 20% of youth are educated in residential settings) from the pre-statehood period to the present. Argues that the study of the way a society uses its institutions for children is a good measure of long-range national goals. (KH)

Examines the historical processes which led to the institutionalization of residential care for children in Israel. The utopian "children's villages" of the 1920's were eventually taken over by a process of mass institutionalization and bureaucratic inflexibility, but the ideological commitment to collective group care has remained…

Surveys the development of community education and efforts to adapt this approach to the Israeli educational system. Assesses the potential for integration between community schools and group care institutions for children. Reports that Israeli community education favors program over process; educational objectives over social problem objectives;…

Describes the structure and internal dynamics of Israeli residential schools and the change processes that have developed in recent decades. Concludes that the residential schools reflect the larger community outside and provide a second chance for many students to learn to function effectively yet autonomously. (KH)

Summarizes research on the impact of parent-institution relationships on child development. Argues that, in Israel, the institutional placement of children tends to ignore parents. Recommends means of improving cooperation and communication within the placement process. (KH)