We developed plank test standards, based on trunk lean mass-to-fat mass (LM/FM) ratio, in a sample of healthy Portuguese 10--18 year olds (n = 474, 46.4% female). Height and weight were measured and muscular endurance was assessed using the prone plank test. Trunk LM/FM ratio was determined using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Plank standards…

Children should engage in at least 60 min of physical activity daily to develop or maintain healthy habits (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2021a). Previous research suggests that contingent attention is a powerful tool for increasing moderate to vigorous physical activity. In this study, the researchers examined the effects of a group…

Achievement goal orientations have a significant impact on students' self-regulation and development. An individual's achievement goal orientations may change at some critical stages. The sample of this study came from a survey of college students conducted in China for four consecutive years. The study used a growth mixture model to identify the…

We estimate the effect of universal free school meal access through the Community Eligibility Program (CEP) on child body mass index (BMI). Through the CEP, schools with high percentages of students qualified for free or reduced-priced meals can offer free breakfast and lunch to all students. With administrative data from a large school district…

Introduction: The aims of this study were to examine cross-sectional, and longitudinal association of different measures of obesity and physical fitness with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adolescents with Down syndrome. Methods: Longitudinal analysis included 90 adolescents with Down syndrome. Obesity and physical fitness were…

This paper aims to determine whether tracking calories using a mobile application without any nutrition education has a positive effect on the eating behaviors of university students. The concurrent design, one of the mixed methods designs, was used to compare the quantitative and qualitative data analysis results. The participants are 108…

Background: Information about obesity among people with intellectual disability comes mostly from small-scale, national samples in high-income countries. There are limited data from transnational studies. Method: BMI scores had been obtained for over 25,000 youth and adults with intellectual disabilities drawn from 60 European and Eurasian…

Objective: The current study examined the association between posttraumatic stress symptoms and disordered eating behaviors related to alcohol consumption (i.e., "drunkorexia"). Participants: Participants were 478 undergraduate students at a university in the southeastern United States. Method: Participants completed online self-report…

BodyMetrix BX2000 A-mode ultrasound software offers nine options for estimating body fat percentage (%BF) from fat thickness measurements. These formulas were evaluated against %BF estimated from air displacement plethysmography in a sample of 42 men. Compared to the Bod Pod, three of the nine equations -- Jackson and Pollock 3 site (JP3), Jackson…

Purpose: The aim of this study was to propose field-based tests to estimate the anaerobic power of wheelchair basketball athletes. Methods: Eleven lower class wheelchair basketball players performed the Wingate test (WT) and two field-based tests (repeated sprints) of 15 (S-15) and 20 (S-20) meters. The WT provides data in Watts (W). The S-15 and…

In this exploratory study, a sample of 20 four-year-olds took part in structured interviews in order to assess their biological knowledge of how the human body processes a food that they perceived to be fattening. There were two main outcomes to the study. First, the sample demonstrated knowledge of the digestive processes of ingestion,…

Objective: 'Drunkorexia' is characterized by compensating for alcohol-related calories using physical activity (PA). Drunkorexia is common on college campuses but little is known about the PA behaviors within the drunkorexia paradigm. Methods: First-year college students living on campus completed an online survey collecting drunkorexia, PA, and…

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of a peer-led single-session intervention targeting the sociocultural pressures of body image. Participants: New members of 13 sororities at one university. Methods: Participants were randomized by sorority into the intervention (n = 207) or wait list control (n = 264). Online surveys were administered at…

Objective: To examine whether sexual assault prospectively predicts unhealthy weight management behaviors in college women. Method: Participants were female college students (N = 483) with monthly assessments across the first year, including the frequency and severity of sexual assault and unhealthy weight management behaviors. Results: Frequency…

During human childhood, brain development and body growth compete for limited metabolic resources, resulting in a trade-off where energy allocated to brain development can decrease as body growth accelerates. This preregistered study explores the relationship between language skills, serving as a proxy for brain development, and body mass index at…