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Sanders, Erin M.; Nyarko-Odoom, Akua O.; Zhao, Kevin; Nguyen, Michael; Liao, Hong Hong Liao; Keith, Matthew; Pyon, Jane; Kozma, Alyssa; Sanyal, Mohima; McHail, Daniel G.; Dumas, Theodore C. – Learning & Memory, 2018
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) at excitatory synapses are central to activity-dependent synaptic plasticity and learning and memory. NMDARs act as ionotropic and metabotropic receptors by elevating postsynaptic calcium concentrations and by direct intracellular protein signaling. In the forebrain, these properties are controlled largely…
Descriptors: Learning, Long Term Memory, Statistical Analysis, Spatial Ability
Leake, Jessica; Zinn, Raphael; Corbit, Laura; Vissel, Bryce – Learning & Memory, 2017
Rodents require a minimal time period to explore a context prior to footshock to display plateau-level context fear at test. To investigate whether this rapid fear plateau reflects complete memory formation within that short time-frame, we used the immediate-early gene product Arc as an indicator of hippocampal context memory formation-related…
Descriptors: Fear, Memory, Animals, Context Effect
Nokia, Miriam S.; Waselius, Tomi; Mikkonen, Jarno E.; Wikgren, Jan; Penttonen, Markku – Learning & Memory, 2015
Hippocampal ? (3-12 Hz) oscillations are implicated in learning and memory, but their functional role remains unclear. We studied the effect of the phase of local ? oscillation on hippocampal responses to a neutral conditioned stimulus (CS) and subsequent learning of classical trace eyeblink conditioning in adult rabbits. High-amplitude, regular…
Descriptors: Brain, Stimuli, Responses, Learning
Lapidus, Kyle A. B.; Nwokafor, Chiso; Scott, Daniel; Baroni, Timothy E.; Tenenbaum, Scott A.; Hiroi, Noboru; Singer, Robert H.; Czaplinski, Kevin – Learning & Memory, 2012
To directly address whether regulating mRNA localization can influence animal behavior, we created transgenic mice that conditionally express Zipcode Binding Protein 1 (ZBP1) in a subset of neurons in the brain. ZBP1 is an RNA-binding protein that regulates the localization, as well as translation and stability of target mRNAs in the cytoplasm. We…
Descriptors: Animals, Cocaine, Conditioning, Animal Behavior
Ferry, Barbara; Duchamp-Viret, Patricia – Learning & Memory, 2014
To test the selectivity of the orexin A (OXA) system in olfactory sensitivity, the present study compared the effects of fasting and of central infusion of OXA on the memory processes underlying odor-malaise association during the conditioned odor aversion (COA) paradigm. Animals implanted with a cannula in the left ventricle received ICV infusion…
Descriptors: Animals, Conditioning, Food, Behavior
Fuchs, Jason R.; Robinson, Gain M.; Dean, Aaron M.; Schoenberg, Heidi E.; Williams, Michael R.; Morielli, Anthony D.; Green, John T. – Learning & Memory, 2014
We have previously shown that intracerebellar infusion of the neuropeptide secretin enhances the acquisition phase of eyeblink conditioning (EBC). Here, we sought to test whether endogenous secretin also regulates EBC and to test whether the effect of exogenous and endogenous secretin is specific to acquisition. In Experiment 1, rats received…
Descriptors: Classical Conditioning, Neurological Organization, Animals, Behavioral Science Research
Pavesi, Eloisa; Heldt, Scott A.; Fletcher, Max L. – Learning & Memory, 2013
Experience-induced changes associated with odor learning are mediated by a number of signaling molecules, including nitric oxide (NO), which is predominantly synthesized by neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the brain. In the current study, we investigated the role of nNOS in the acquisition and retention of conditioned olfactory fear. Mice…
Descriptors: Memory, Generalization, Fear, Olfactory Perception
Simonyan, Kristina; Horwitz, Barry; Jarvis, Erich D. – Brain and Language, 2012
To understand the neural basis of human speech control, extensive research has been done using a variety of methodologies in a range of experimental models. Nevertheless, several critical questions about learned vocal motor control still remain open. One of them is the mechanism(s) by which neurotransmitters, such as dopamine, modulate speech and…
Descriptors: Learning Theories, Animals, Singing, Patients
Nonkes, Lourens J. P.; van de Vondervoort, Ilse I. G. M.; de Leeuw, Mark J. C.; Wijlaars, Linda P.; Maes, Joseph H. R.; Homberg, Judith R. – Learning & Memory, 2012
Behavioral flexibility is a cognitive process depending on prefrontal areas allowing adaptive responses to environmental changes. Serotonin transporter knockout (5-HTT[superscript -/-]) rodents show improved reversal learning in addition to orbitofrontal cortex changes. Another form of behavioral flexibility, extradimensional strategy set-shifting…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Brain, Cognitive Processes, Animals
Lugo, Joaquin N.; Brewster, Amy L.; Spencer, Corinne M.; Anderson, Anne E. – Learning & Memory, 2012
Kv4.2 channels contribute to the transient, outward K[superscript +] current (A-type current) in hippocampal dendrites, and modulation of this current substantially alters dendritic excitability. Using Kv4.2 knockout (KO) mice, we examined the role of Kv4.2 in hippocampal-dependent learning and memory. We found that Kv4.2 KO mice showed a deficit…
Descriptors: Evidence, Animals, Stimuli, Context Effect
Gilmartin, Marieke R.; Helmstetter, Fred J. – Learning & Memory, 2010
The contribution of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) to the formation of memory is a subject of considerable recent interest. Notably, the mechanisms supporting memory acquisition in this structure are poorly understood. The mPFC has been implicated in the acquisition of trace fear conditioning, a task that requires the association of a…
Descriptors: Animals, Conditioning, Memory, Brain
Nottebohm, Fernando; Liu, Wan-Chun – Brain and Language, 2010
We do not know how vocal learning came to be, but it is such a salient trait in human evolution that many have tried to imagine it. In primates this is difficult because we are the only species known to possess this skill. Songbirds provide a richer and independent set of data. I use comparative data and ask broad questions: How does vocal…
Descriptors: Evolution, Infants, Anatomy, Animals
Pepperberg, Irene M. – Brain and Language, 2010
This chapter briefly reviews what is known-and what remains to be understood--about Grey parrot vocal learning. I review Greys' physical capacities--issues of auditory perception and production--then discuss how these capacities are used in vocal learning and can be recruited for referential communication with humans. I discuss cross-species…
Descriptors: Infants, Auditory Perception, Brain, Animals
Gupta, Kishan; Keller, Lauren A.; Hasselmo, Michael E. – Learning & Memory, 2012
Intrinsic persistent spiking mechanisms in medial entorhinal cortex (mEC) neurons may play a role in active maintenance of working memory. However, electrophysiological studies of rat mEC units have primarily focused on spatial modulation. We sought evidence of differential spike rates in the mEC in rats trained on a T-maze, cued spatial delayed…
Descriptors: Evidence, Stimuli, Physical Activities, Maintenance
Prandota, Joseph – Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2010
Anatomic, histopathologic, and MRI/SPET studies of autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) patients' brains confirm existence of very early developmental deficits. In congenital and chronic murine toxoplasmosis several cerebral anomalies also have been reported, and worldwide, approximately two billion people are chronically infected with T. "gondii"…
Descriptors: Autism, Brain, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Animals
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