Most public schools, out of financial necessity, have had to reduce costs while maintaining facilities and essential programs and remaining accountable for student outcomes. School downsizing can mean making painful decisions about program elimination and staff layoffs. This digest offers suggestions for using downsizing to some…

Some of the responses of colleges and universities to declining enrollments and diminishing resources are reviewed. Institutions have tried to reduce the size of their operations, reallocate resources internally, and retrench a number of faculty and programs. Several approaches to reductions, reallocations, and retrenchments in specific cases,…

Currently, the Federal Government provides funds to a variety of postsecondary foreign language and international studies education programs authorized under Title VI of the Higher Education Act (HEA). Elementary and secondary foreign language and international studies programs are authorized under Title II of the Elementary and Secondary…