In this article, the author talks about program evaluation, a strategy commonly used by instructional leaders that can help school business officials improve their budget process. As districts struggle to develop budgets in these challenging economic times, school business officials might consider turning to program evaluation for help. Program…

To ensure a more uniform accounting system and better communication with its schools, the State of California is introducing a planning-programing-budgeting system in all its public school districts. Schools must (1) identify specific goals for the management of the school system, and (2) subdivide functional areas into manageable units. The use…

The materials in the document report on the development of a program planning budgeting evaluating system in the Dade County, Florida, public schools. Materials cover the development and design of the system from its inception and implementation in the winter and spring of 1971. The project chronology and the program structure and the management…

This report describes the APL (Accountable unit, Program, and line item) budget system, a computerized three-dimensional program budget system that has been implemented in the Cambridge (Massachusetts) School Department. Various chapters discuss the differences between traditional budgeting and program budgeting, present an overview of te APL…

This manual was prepared to provide local school districts with a model to follow in implementing a local planning-programing-budgeting system (PPBS). Section I (chapters 1-4) gives the basic concepts and overall design of a PPB system for local districts. Section II (chapters 5-7) describes computations used in a semiautomated PPBS version,…

The significance of a planning-programing-budgeting system for educational use lies in its ability to improve educational planning and cost effectiveness. As part of the Western New York PPBS project, a model for implementing PPBS in districts of fewer than 25,000 students was developed and tested. The completed model consists of three components:…

Program budgeting is an effective tool in helping school administrators and faculty to draw up budgets which reflect their own needs and those of their clients. The "systems approach" can be used to draw up a program budget systematically. Part I outlines systems concepts and the systems approach as they can be applied to education. Also, the…

The majority of local school districts in Pennsylvania completed reorganization during the 1965-66 school year. Since then, the Pennsylvania Board of Education has studied the reorganization problems involved in consolidating the 67 County Superintendent of Schools offices into 25 to 30 intermediate units. Funded by ESEA Title III, this study is…