In response to increasing pressures for improvement in the management of resources, many institutions of higher education have investigated the application of planning- programming- budgeting- systems (PPBS) some have adopted it to meet the demands imposed by jurisdictional agencies, and a few have introduced it frequently in modified form into…

Because of the interest in an increasing usage of formal planning, programming, budgeting systems (PPBS), this report carefully analyzes the nature and role of PPBS and its potential impact on higher education. Part I describes the salient features of PPBS and traces the development and related analytical techniques in governmental agencies and…

College and university faculties and students often dislike being reminded that the organization of which they are a part is an economic enterprise. Yet, each individual college and university is an economic entity, substantially concerned with obtaining and utilizing economic resources. In the process of getting and spending, colleges and…

This document contains proceedings of a conference that presented a design for applying a program planning-budgeting-evaluating system (PPBES) to educational management. Included are (1) the keynote address, tracing the origin and future of program budgeting; (2) the presentation of the educational management design developed by the Research…

The first section of this report on program costing with the CAMPUS simulation discusses the structuring process of Program Planning and Budgeting (PPB) systems, and emphasizes the ideas, rules, and principles for structuring resource data that have evolved during the 10 years of PPB existence. It also discusses the WICHE-PMS program…

When real resources decline, demands change, or programs lose vitality, then a logical move is to reallocate resources to facilitate academic planning. Reallocation schemes and experiences at the University of Michigan-Ann Arbor and Oklahoma State University are described and compared. (Author/MLW)

An interesting perspective is offered on how one institution dealt with its fiscal problems and instituted new approaches to budgeting. (Author/JN)

The zero-based budgeting approach is designed to achieve the greatest benefit with the fewest undesirable consequences. Seven basic steps make up the zero-based decision-making process: (1) identifying program goals, (2) classifying goals, (3) identifying resources, (4) reviewing consequences, (5) developing decision packages, (6) implementing a…

The most critical activity in the planning-programing-budgeting system is the specification and employment of goals and objectives. Program goals are the desired outcomes of a program, but program objectives are the changes in, or the creation of, program elements in a specified way to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of a program. Since…

Although the public is best served by governmental agencies which have integrated the major functions of planning, managing, and budgeting, it can be asserted that the planning function is paramount. A review of the evolution of public agency administration in the U.S. reveals that until recent years the planning function has been largely…

This paper identifies the curricular-instructional implications of PPBS. The author (1) describes the purposes of PPBS, (2) proposes a feasible implementation strategy for local schools, (3) identifies potential pitfalls that should be avoided, (4) formulates a possible role description for supervisors, (5) identifies local schools using PPBS, and…

Presents an analysis of problems of resource allocation in the school library and a practical operations research approach toward accountability. Four planning instruments are included in the solution procedure: inventory of services; preference form; data collection guide; and program costing matrix. (Author/MBR)

Limited resources and competing demands are forcing statewide planners and decisionmakers to become increasingly concerned with program approval and review. One new element is the review of existing programs as states find it necessary to consider program additions in concert with program terminations. The prospect of declining or stable…

The manual is the result of several years' effort toward developing a methodology to depict program resources-funding. The guidelines were developed based on a 1975 feasibility study and tested in seven medical colleges. It is hoped that the guidelines will be useful in analyzing the fiscal mechanisms for funding of the individual resources…

This booklet was designed as a guide for arts educators and contains ideas that can be used to generate interest and support for school arts programs. The first section is devoted to public relations. It contains suggestions on dealing successfully with the media in promoting arts programs. Included are such topics as getting coverage for arts…