The purpose of this historical case study was to add to the literature an analysis of the landmark legal case of Jose Cisneros v. CCISD. The outcome of this case established Mexican Americans as an ethnic minority and set the legal precedent that the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education Topeka ruling could be extended to other minorities beyond…

In 1982 civil rights activist Rev. Jesse Jackson criticized President Ronald Reagan's attacks on busing to coerce school desegregation for targeting "not the bus, but us." Two decades later, the United States Supreme Court ended the thirty-two-year-old Charlotte, North Carolina, plan which had launched the era of court-ordered busing…

We evaluate the integrating and segregating effects of three distinct school choice programs in San Diego. We go beyond the traditional question of racial integration and examine the integration of students by test scores, parental education levels, and language status. In addition to measuring the net integrative effects of school choice, we also…

Describes busing in England as one means of coping with the problems of educating increasingly large numbers of immigrant children. (GB)

A grievance not resolved at a lower level will seek redress at a higher one and the effect of a resolution imposed from above will be more painful than would have been the case had the matter been settled at the lower level in the first place. (Author/IRT)

Although Americans tend to deal emotionally with the issue of school desegregation, it is largely an issue comprised of certain facts. Historically, government has played an active role in creating segregation, but segregation has a capacity to damage Black students. Busing is a safe, cheap, and necessary solution to this problem. (KH)

Antibusing attitudes did not even indirectly contribute to "White flight" in the Pontiac school district. Unfortunately, the solution to the problem of "White flight" involves creating an attractive urban environment and creating a society free from racism. (Author/IRT)

School desegregation efforts in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, can serve as a model for other systems with similar Black and White population ratios. Milwaukee school desegregation has combined limited busing, improved conditions in all-Blacks schools, and a limit of no more than 50 percent of Black students in integrated schools. (AOS)

Describes a Florida superintendent's harrowing experience after ignoring the governor's directive to defy a court order to begin forced student busing. The superintendent and the courts eventually triumphed by acting in the best interests of the students and the school system. The governor was fined and lost his bid for reelection. (MLH)

In this statement, the Assistant Attorney General of the Civil Rights Division under the Reagan Administration proposes a method of voluntary school desegregation as an alternative to court litigation and mandatory busing. The method represents a response to the failure of previous desegregation attempts to elicit public support and provide equal…

Makes a case for magnet schools, especially as part of desegregation efforts. Briefly describes magnet schools around the country and some of their problems. (JM)

A board member describes the school desegregation background and present circumstances in St. Louis, Missouri. Students are entering the seventh year of a controversial voluntary desegregation plan in which some 12,000 students are bused to predominantly White schools in the suburbs. (MLF)

A board member describes the school desegregation background and present circumstances in Seattle, Washington. A new controlled-choice plan that went into effect last fall replaces a 10-year-old mandatory desegregation plan. (MLF)

This legal case may answer some questions for lawyers on the limits to which desegregation may be carried under the backing of the Brown decision, yet it raises several specific questions that educators and educational researchers ought to address concerning factors that contribute to effective integration. (AM)