In this article, the authors discuss the Cultural Formulation Approach (CFA) proposed by Leong and his colleagues, and the strong and insightful applications of the approach offered by Leong, Arthur, Juntunen, Byars-Winston, and Flores. They think this model has phenomenal possibilities in providing a methodology for counselors to be able to…

The purpose of this article is to review the literature related to men who pursue nontraditional career choices such as gender atypical occupations outside the home or being stay-at-home fathers. Key foundational findings and current studies that provide information about what factors influence men's pursuit of nontraditional careers both in the…

The Career Transition Inventory (CTI) is a well-known measure for assessing perceptions of psychological resources when adults undergo a career change. The purpose of this study was to conduct a psychometric evaluation of a French version of the CTI (CTI-F). A total of 1,042 French volunteer participants completed the CTI-F. The procedure used…

Two hundred and seventy-eight adults who ranged in age from 18 to 69 years and were voluntarily in career counseling completed measures pre- and postcounseling to assess career-related variables (e.g., vocational identity) and psychological issues that may affect career concerns (e.g., level of psychological distress). Participant-clients received…

Examines the use of counselor response modes in career counseling, including the overall proportion of each response mode and the relationship of each response mode to the working alliance. Seventy-nine percent of the counselor responses were information, paraphrase, or close-ended questions. None of the categorized counselor responses was…

Creative techniques career counselors can use are described: guided imagery, idea journals, one-minute free writes, career genograms, metaphors, early recollections, career bingo, collage, hero/heroine analysis, timeline analysis, and life mapping. (SK)

Outlines areas for career counseling process research: examining the working alliance; reconceptualizing career counseling as learning; investigating process/outcome differences due to client and counselor attributes; examining influential session events; using a common problem resolution metric; examining change longitudinally; examining…

Proposes an ecological perspective on career counseling for women of color and white women to conceptualize the dynamic interaction between the person and environment. Provides suggestions for career counselors regarding the implementation of an ecological perspective in career counseling. (Contains 48 references.) (GCP)

Critical areas in which career counselors need training are as follows: demographics, world of work, career and multicultural counseling competence, career counseling process, multicultural counseling theories, career development models, career assessment, barriers to career development, culturally sensitive career centers, and continuing…

The University of Missouri Career Center developed career counseling services specifically for international students that address graduate study, employment opportunities, work permits, and career assessments. Services were designed to be responsive to different cultural contexts, use culturally valid methods, and involve appropriate outreach…

Explores client psychological distress as a variable in career counseling among a group of 42 clients seen by counselors-in-training. Results indicate that 60% of the clients were psychologically distressed; clients' scores decreased significantly from pretest to posttest on psychological variables; and significant linear growth occurred in…

Applies the social cognitive career theory to training career counselors. Proposes extending the theory to understand and influence trainees' interest, engagement, and performance in career counseling. Suggestions are made for future research and for training students to be interested, involved, and skilled in providing career counseling. (FC)

Because problem-solving appraisal has been demonstrated to be a critical variable in psychological adjustment, this study examined its potential role as both a static and dynamic client attribute influencing the process and outcome of career counseling. Participants were 151 adults who received an average of five sessions of naturally occurring…

Any framework used to conceptualize the career development of women and of racial and ethnic minorities must accommodate multiple influences shaping their experiences concurrently and over time. An ecological model of counseling is proposed to expand conceptualizations and interventions of counseling practice with diverse groups of individuals.

A survey of a sample of 290 counseling psychology graduate students indicated that trainees' most negative experiences were disparaging comments about career counseling from faculty and supervisors. Their most positive experiences were obtained from working with career clients. The most influential variables include self-efficacy, training…