There is considerable international interest in transitions from school to work. This article approaches the issue as part of the debate around 'vocational maturity' ("Ausbildungsreife") in Germany and 'employability' in the United Kingdom. Vocational education and training systems in these two countries differ significantly, so the…

The higher participation of England's ethnic minority students on vocational courses at the age of 16 initiates them onto the 'lower tier' pathway in tertiary education. Lower tier implies participating in certain vocational courses and entering lower status universities. Consequently, ethnic minority students in England have a weaker labour…

In the current educational environment, e-learning and online education have gained significant prominence, especially highlighted during the COVID-19 pandemic when their importance increased dramatically. Empirical evidence highlights the undeniable benefits of online learning, with learners globally appreciating the flexibility to access course…

This paper was presented at an event, 'The Skills Revolution: can lifelong learning save the UK economy?', jointly organised by NEON, Ruskin College, The University of West London, and CEILUP (Centre for Inequality and Levelling Up). In the paper the author argues that there is an urgent need to rethink and reform England's skills system and…

Skills Bootcamps were introduced to support adults to upskill and retrain in priority high-growth sectors with skills shortages. Skills Bootcamps are short, flexible courses, that are co-designed with employers and run for up to 16 weeks. Most are equivalent to the National Vocational Qualification (NVQ) levels 3-5 in the national qualifications…

Skills Bootcamps were introduced to support the 2019 UK Government's manifesto commitment to giving adults the opportunity to build sector-specific skills and to help employers by giving people the skills they need to move into jobs in sectors with skills shortages. Skills Bootcamps are short, flexible courses, co-designed with employers and run…

This paper revisits and expands upon the findings of the 'Multi-country Partnership to Enhance the Education of Refugee and Asylum-seeking Youth in Europe (PERAE)' initiative, which was launched by the SIRIUS Network in 2016 to address the challenges of integrating refugee youth into European education systems. Amid the significant influx of…