Qualifications frameworks are tools for describing qualifications of an education or training system by classifying them into levels. Each level provides a clear description of what the holder of a qualification knows, understands and is able to do. They are important tools for making qualifications transparent and comprehensible, within and…

Information and communication technologies (ICT) have led to the reconsideration of global public policies. In this regard, the creation of universal frameworks has mobilized networks of powerful public, private, and civil society players to scaffold a global agenda on ICT in Education (ICTE), which often combines contradictory rights-based,…

Although language specialists do not always agree about the best age at which to introduce English language instruction, policy changes are increasingly mandating earlier introduction of English in foreign language (EFL) settings worldwide. In this volume, language educators and program implementers from various countries describe programs and…