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Peer reviewed
Direct linkThomas D. Griffin; Allison J. Jaeger; M. Anne Britt; Jennifer Wiley – Instructional Science: An International Journal of the Learning Sciences, 2024
Relying on multiple documents to answer questions is becoming common for both academic and personal inquiry tasks. These tasks often require students to explain phenomena by taking various causal factors that are mentioned separately in different documents and integrating them into a coherent multi-causal explanation of some phenomena. However,…
Descriptors: Documentation, Inquiry, Grade 8, Scientific Concepts
Nathan D. Maxfield – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2024
Purpose: Target word activation in picture naming was explored in children who stutter (CWS) and typically fluent children (TFC) using event-related potentials (ERPs). Method: A total of 18 CWS and 16 TFC completed a task combining picture naming and probe word identification. On each trial, a picture-to-be-named was followed by an auditory probe…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Stuttering, Naming, Visual Stimuli
Davis, Paige E.; King, Nigel; Meins, Elizabeth; Fernyhough, Charles – Infant and Child Development, 2023
Spontaneous imaginary companion (SIC) creation in childhood is a typical imaginative play behaviour associated with advanced sociocognitive skills; however, the direction of causality has not been established. To investigate this experimentally, researchers must determine whether children can create, on request, qualitatively equivalent imaginary…
Descriptors: Children, Imagination, Play, Causal Models
Habtam Genie Dessie; Abebaw Ayana Alene – Education 3-13, 2025
The study's overarching goal was to look into the factors that contribute to school dropout among primary school students in Fagita Lekoma District. To this end, this study used a convergent parallel research design. The participants of the study comprised District Education Officers, school principals, teachers, PTA members, and dropout pupils.…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Elementary School Students, Dropouts, Dropout Rate
Quoc Hoa Tran-Duong – Cambridge Journal of Education, 2024
The quality of products from the causal mapping process and the effect of factors related to causal map quality are unlikely to be the same for students at different educational levels. However, there is a lack of studies that provide insights into causal maps constructed by primary school students to reveal appropriate strategies. This study…
Descriptors: Cognitive Mapping, Causal Models, Prior Learning, Elementary School Students
Joong won Lee; Young-Suk Kim – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2024
The aim of this study is to explore the relation of morphological awareness to vocabulary, word reading, and reading comprehension for middle school students in Korea. A total of 121 students (73 boys and 48 girls) in Grade 7 from two middle schools in a metropolitan city in South Korea participated in the study. The students were assessed on the…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Middle School Students, Reading Comprehension, Word Recognition
Irene Campos-Sánchez; Eva María Navarrete-Muñoz; Dries S. Martens; Isolina Riaño-Galán; Aitana Lertxundi; Sabrina Llop; Mónica Guxens; Cristina Rodríguez-Dehli; Nerea Lertxundi; Raquel Soler-Blasco; Martine Vrijheid; Tim S. Nawrot; John Wright; Tiffany C. Yang; Rosie McEachan; Kristine Bjerve Gützkow; Vaia Lida Chatzi; Marina Vafeiadi; Mariza Kampouri; Regina Grazuleviciene; Sandra Andrusaityte; Johanna Lepeule; Desirée Valera-Gran – Journal of Attention Disorders, 2025
Objective: To explore the association between telomere length (TL) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children at 6-12 years. Method: Data from 1,759 children belonging to the HELIX project cohorts and the Asturias, Gipuzkoa and Valencia cohorts of INMA project were included. TL was determined by blood sample using a…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Genetic Disorders, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Mothers
Bryan Keller; Zach Branson – Asia Pacific Education Review, 2024
Causal inference involves determining whether a treatment (e.g., an education program) causes a change in outcomes (e.g., academic achievement). It is well-known that causal effects are more challenging to estimate than associations. Over the past 50 years, the potential outcomes framework has become one of the most widely used approaches for…
Descriptors: Causal Models, Educational Research, Regression (Statistics), Probability
Valeria M. Cabello – Pedagogies: An International Journal, 2025
Considering the increasing severity of environmental disasters and the scarcity of studies centered on children's perspectives, this article explores context-based learning to create spaces of hope. Constructing explanations fosters meaning creation and knowledge integration. Fourth graders' self-explanations about contamination in a degraded…
Descriptors: Childrens Attitudes, Elementary School Students, Student Attitudes, Science Education
Cahit Erdem – Educational Studies, 2024
This study aimed to comparatively analyse the effects of problem-based learning model (PBLM) on cognitive outputs (CO). The study reviewed quasi-experimental studies on PBLM and CO, focusing on the cognitive outputs of thinking skills, problem-solving skill, and academic achievement. The quantitative data of these studies, comprising 56 articles…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Elementary School Students, Secondary School Students, Problem Based Learning
Download full textPatrick K. Kirkland; Claire Guang; Nicole M. McNeil – North American Chapter of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, 2023
Students with mature number sense make sense of numbers and operations, use reasoning to notice patterns, and flexibly select the most effective and efficient problem-solving strategies (McIntosh et al., 1997; Yang, 2005). Despite being highlighted in national standards and policy documents (CCSS, 2010; NCTM, 2000), the association between…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Grade 3, Grade 4, Grade 5
Youmi Suk – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2024
Machine learning (ML) methods for causal inference have gained popularity due to their flexibility to predict the outcome model and the propensity score. In this article, we provide a within-group approach for ML-based causal inference methods in order to robustly estimate average treatment effects in multilevel studies when there is cluster-level…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Causal Models, Statistical Inference, Maximum Likelihood Statistics
Caihong Zhang; Liting Xia; Aruna Wu – Early Child Development and Care, 2024
Electronic product use among preschool children is gradually widespread. To explore whether and how electronic product use causes problem behaviours in preschool children, this study analyses the relationships between the degree of electronic product use, problem behaviours, and the roles of parenting styles and parent-child relationships in…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Preschool Children, Kindergarten, Parent Child Relationship
Andrew P. Jaciw – American Journal of Evaluation, 2025
By design, randomized experiments (XPs) rule out bias from confounded selection of participants into conditions. Quasi-experiments (QEs) are often considered second-best because they do not share this benefit. However, when results from XPs are used to generalize causal impacts, the benefit from unconfounded selection into conditions may be offset…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Elementary School Teachers, Generalization, Test Bias
Jeffrey R. Gagne; Kaelyn Barker; Chi-Ning Chang; Raashi Sangwan; Yingying Zhao; Fanyi Yu; Oi-Man Kwok – Merrill-Palmer Quarterly: Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2024
Early emerging executive functioning is associated with important emotional, social, and academic outcomes, including academic competence in elementary school. Employing a family study design, the current study investigated preschoolers' executive functioning and receptive vocabulary knowledge, maternal depression and anxiety measured when the…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Elementary School Students, Mothers, Parent Influence
