The post-colonial governments of the Pacific Islands are demanding universal literacy in European languages through the introduced social institutions of education, government, law, and economics. This shift from oral to literate societies is contributing significantly to the erosion of traditional languages and cultures. (Author/MT)

Describes ancient informal marriage ceremonies and informal forms of divorce. Shows how the definition and manner of divorce have changed throughout history and how the control of divorce has moved from personal decision to community policy, to state/church issue, back to local community, and finally back to personal decision. (NB)

A social constructivist approach is used to study apprenticeship in the textile industry in medieval Paris. Issues of inertia, the dynamics of change, diversity, access to corporations, and the effect of social interactions and conflict on solving problems are examined. (SK)

The evolution of lay literacy, the pervasive set of assumptions taken for granted by those who participate in a literate society, is traced from the 12th century. Research on the forms and assumptions of lay literacy over the change from an oral to a written to a computer society is urged. (MT)

The focus of this paper is the U.S. section of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (US WILPF) and its efforts to mobilize an activist and durable women's peace reform organization in the 1930s. Members wished US WILPF to serve as an avenue for expanding women's political power and for reaching the goals of nonviolent change and…

The scope, functions, significance, and implications of "Yuben," an early twentieth century Japanese magazine on oratory, are examined in this case study in intercultural rhetoric. The first section of the paper provides information about the magazine's genesis, including a discussion about its originator, Noma Seiji. The second section…

The poem, "Paterson," is analyzed in the context of Paterson, New Jersey over 40 years. Changes that have taken place in the main symbolic sites of the poem are examined. In part, the poem led to changes in the area. Now the poem is a part of the city's culture. (VM)

Offers a historical analysis of the system of educational and professional counseling in Quebec (1930-90) and the separate role of the school inspection system (1851-1964) as they relate to important changes going on currently in Quebec society. Considers the role of both counselors and school inspectors--as intellectuals--in cultural mediation…

Profiles the life and career of James L. Hymes, Jr., the child development and parent education specialist, teacher and parent educator, and child and parent advocate. Emphasizes Hymes' publications and television work. (LB)

An examination of Paulo Freire's educational pedagogy reveals a belief in education as a subversive force, where schools are the agent of change. In Freire's theories of liberatory education, education should open minds to higher stages of consciousness rather than just deposit information for future use, for knowledge emerges only through…

The organizational development of the Ontario Federation of School Athletic Associations (OFSAA) is given for the period from 1948 to 1975. Based on a theory of organization developed by Daniel Katz and Robert Kahn, the Federation's progress is charted through the primary, stable, and elaborate stages of development. Questions concerning conflict…

The author examines select calls for educational reform in several popular periodicals from different periods in twentieth-century America. The periods include the 1910s, post-World War II, and the 1980s. (CH)

The history and activities of Cornell University's Cornell Women Graduates Association are described. The organization had as its primary purposes to keep a woman on the board of trustees and to protect the interests of women students in housing, job opportunities, and campus activities and publications. (MSE)

Twenty-five members of the Montessori community share their memories of Dr. Nancy McCormick Rambusch, charismatic founder of the American Montessori movement, early childhood professional, and innovative educator, who died of pancreatic cancer on October 27, 1994. Rambusch's work of 40 years now flowers as an institutionalized educational program…

Discussion of the professional education of information workers argues the importance of core skills development but also reaffirms the value of library history. Examines the historical dynamics of the birth of the profession, alongside the modern library, in order to gain a critical perspective on contemporary postmodern libraries. (Contains 25…