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Flavell, John H. – American Psychologist, 1986
Summarizes recent research which attempted to discover what children of different ages know about the appearance-reality distinction and related phenomena. Findings show that what helps children grasp the distinction is an increased cognizance of the fact that people are sentient subjects who have mental representations of objects and events. (PS)
Descriptors: Child Development, Cognitive Development, Concept Formation, Developmental Psychology
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Zajonc, R. B. – American Psychologist, 2001
Birth order effects on intellectual performance show both positive and negative results. Considers the intellectual aspects of siblings' changing environments, explaining that birth order and family size effects depend crucially on the age at which children are tested. Within-family data conceal patterns of aggregate effects that are revealed by…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Birth Order, Child Development, Family (Sociological Unit)
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McCall, Robert B.; And Others – American Psychologist, 1972
Descriptors: Child Development, Infant Behavior, Intellectual Development, Intelligence Quotient
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Hetherington, E. Mavis – American Psychologist, 1979
Much research has been done on the negative effects of divorce on children. Future research should focus on how positive family functioning and support systems can facilitate the development of social, emotional, and intellectual competence in children in single parent families. (Author/GC)
Descriptors: Adjustment (to Environment), Child Development, Childhood Needs, Children