We investigated whether children's robust conscience, formed during early family socialization, promotes their future adaptive and competent functioning in expanded ecologies. We assessed two dimensions of conscience in young children (N = 100) at 25, 38, and 52 months in scripted laboratory contexts: internalization of their mothers' and fathers'…

Metaphors can both inspire and mislead the public. Current metaphors for youth violence are inconsistent with scientific evidence about how chronic violence develops and evoke inaccurate or harmful reactions. Popular, problematic metaphors include "superpredator", "quarantining the contagious", "corrective surgery", "man as computer", "vaccine",…

Addresses concern that school counselors are not provided with guidelines for how to use knowledge on moral development when working with children in school settings. Provides framework wherein commonly used counseling techniques can be tailored and refined to match the client's stage of moral development. (NB)

Part of a collection of papers commissioned by Foundations, a development project that examined the career development needs of students entering the National Technical Institute for the Deaf, the paper reviews a range of developmental theories and models that pertain to adolescents and young adults. An attempt is made to create a composite…

Proposes a cognitive mechanism that makes forgiveness possible. Revises Piaget's theory that ideal reciprocity is the underlying cognitive operation that makes understanding and appreciation of forgiveness possible. Draws on modern philosophical inquiry, empirical study, and theory to argue instead that abstract identity provides--philosophically…

Stages of moral reasoning through which children develop, as researched by developmental psychologists Jean Piaget and Lawrence Kohlberg, are outlined in the introduction of this paper. The six stages are defined and exemplified by the moral issue of the value of human life. The developmental model, as it is argued, is suitable for instruction in…

Human development from about ages 2 to 5 is presented in terms of the history of a child conceptualized in terms of stimulus and response functions and his interactions in current situations which consist of organismic, physical, and social conditions. The concepts describing the changes that occur during this developmental period, such as…

This paper discusses the effects of a technological society on the growth and development of children. There is a feeling among preschool and elementary teachers that many children today are excitable, unable to commit themselves to an activity, unable to concentrate well, and speak glibly without understanding. These teachers speculate that…

According to recent research data, a successful reading program in the middle school requires a change in educational emphasis from content (skill orientation) to a curriculum determined by the cognitive, moral, and social-emotional development of the child. Three developmental models that provide tools for educators in developing such a…

Elusive developmental processes are most often examined in the context of the philosophic problem of scientific determinism. The Markov process model, enhancing a probabilistic viewpoint for the explanation of developmental data, should be restricted. Attention should be focused on the immediate context and situational setting of a subject. The…

This volume reflects some of the disciplinary and interdisciplinary diversity found in the study of programs for young children, and its chapters cover a number of matters central to early childhood development and practice, including preparation for practice. The book has 11 chapters divided into 4 parts that cover family and community, adults…