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Lin, Xin; Peng, Peng; Luo, Hongjing – Learning Disability Quarterly, 2021
The purpose of the study was to compare the deficit profiles of two important types of mathematics difficulties. Three cognitive measures (working memory, processing speed, and reasoning), two mathematics measures (numerical facts retrieval and mathematics vocabulary), and reading comprehension were assessed among 237 Chinese fourth-grade…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Grade 4, Children, Learning Problems
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Cepeda, Nicholas J.; Blackwell, Katharine A.; Munakata, Yuko – Developmental Science, 2013
The rate at which people process information appears to influence many aspects of cognition across the lifespan. However, many commonly accepted measures of "processing speed" may require goal maintenance, manipulation of information in working memory, and decision-making, blurring the distinction between processing speed and executive…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Individual Differences, Short Term Memory, Decision Making