This conceptual article synthesizes the empirical research on punitive environmental norms of schools and the disproportionate effects on certain child and adolescent groups, particularly within urban schools. This involvement has come to be known as the school-to-prison pipeline. The young people affected by harsh school discipline protocols and…

In addition to the Afterschool Alliance's "Voters' Polls" and "America After 3 PM", a number of other surveys and polls have been conducted in recent years to gauge American support for after-school. This report consolidates information gathered from 2003 through 2006 and reports that, across the various polls and timeframes, it remains clear that…

The Challenge is the definitive guide to the key ideas and resources behind Ready by 21. The Ready by 21 challenge aims to develop a solution for a common dilemma--too few young people are entering adulthood ready and our collective efforts to make a difference are far too fragmented to have a big impact. As part of the Forum's solution, leaders…

Explores the challenges of performing children's nonsense poetry with, rather than to, an audience of children. Discusses different nonsense operations and offers a broad-based scheme for making performance decisions about what kind of nonverbal emphasis to use in performance. Includes examples with suggestions for performance. (SR)

Noting that theatre for young people in Europe is much more aggressive in seeking to influence the attitudes and ideas of audiences than that of the United States, this paper examines the political and social trends occurring in children's theatre in four European countries. Following an introduction to this trend toward "educational…

Examines in detail the aims, forms, and methods of USSR library services provided for children, including information and bibliographical assistance, as well as the main areas of research being conducted in this field by Soviet specialists. (CWM)

Children's feelings of loneliness related to family and peer relationships have only recently been documented by researchers. These feelings are now being recognized, researched, and assessed in children as young as five years of age. Helping professionals need to understand short- and long-term consequences of children's loneliness as it relates…

Excessive television viewing is associated with obesity in children because it decreases time spent on physical activity, and promotes overeating of snacks and high calorie foods. Childhood obesity demands physicians' concern because of the physical and psychological damage which follows its victims into adulthood. (IAH)

The last three decades have seen the emergence of a new discipline of childhood studies, made up of contributions from sociology, anthropology and cultural studies, challenging previous studies of children based on paradigms from psychology and education. This new discipline has revolutionized the study of children and demanded that they be looked…

This document was prepared to assist the Wisconsin Legislative Council's Special Committee on Crimes Against Children in its study of current laws relating to crimes against children. It provides the background of the origin of the study and describes the characteristics of the Criminal Code, upon which much of the committee review will center.…

Traces history of protruding tongue from ancient times to present in attempt to explain tongue's appearance in drawings of children who have been sexually abused. Includes informal study of tongue symbol in art expressions of children who have experienced sexual molestation. (Author/NB)

Focuses on United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child to examine childhood, child development, and child advocacy. Looks at social, legislative, administrative, and individual advocacy and raises issues dealing with children's rights. Considers developmental perspectives on children's rights and examines youth empowerment efforts. (NB)

Families adopting older children are faced with three unique transitional tasks: boundary establishment, resolution of losses, and affirmation of roles. Describes these tasks, as well as the challenges to family development, and reframes stresses of adoptive families as normative to the transition process. Presents implications for practice.…

Sees many adult children of alcoholics identifying themselves in hero role, making it useful tool for uncovering negative behaviors and starting to work toward change. Describes alcoholic home and hero roles of overachiever, controller, and perfectionist. Considers usefulness of individual counseling, group therapy, family therapy, and play…

Literature exists to support the statement that children suffer from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The diagnosis is not one that is commonly made in children and is generally considered occurring in returning war veterans or adult victims of trauma, including incest. The American Psychological Association (APA) Diagnostic and Statistical…