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Mental State Language Development in Children with Down Syndrome versus Typical Development
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Channell, Marie Moore; Sandstrom, Linnea E. – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2022
This study compared mental state language (talk about emotions, thoughts, intentions, etc.) used by 6- to 11-year-old children with Down syndrome (DS) to a younger typically developing (TD) comparison group matched by nonverbal cognition. We aimed to determine (1) whether mental state language use is delayed in DS relative to developmental…
Descriptors: Psychological Patterns, Cognitive Processes, Children, Down Syndrome
A Cross-Syndrome Comparison of Sleep-Dependent Learning on a Cognitive Procedural Task
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Joyce, Anna; Hill, Catherine M.; Karmiloff-Smith, Annette; Dimitriou, Dagmara – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2019
Sleep plays a key role in the consolidation of newly acquired information and skills into long term memory. Children with Down syndrome (DS) and Williams syndrome (WS) frequently experience sleep problems, abnormal sleep architecture, and difficulties with learning; thus, we predicted that children from these clinical populations would demonstrate…
Descriptors: Sleep, Cognitive Processes, Down Syndrome, Genetic Disorders
Behavioral Problems and Psychosocial Strengths: Unique Factors Contributing to the Behavioral Profile of Youth with Down Syndrome
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Dieleman, Lisa M.; De Pauw, Sarah S. W.; Soenens, Bart; Van Hove, Geert; Prinzie, Peter – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2018
This study aimed to describe problem behaviors and psychosocial strengths, examine the problem-strength interrelations, and evaluate profiles of problems and strengths in youth with Down syndrome (DS). The community-based sample consisted of 67 parents of children with DS aged between 4 and 19 years. Parents reported about the developmental age…
Descriptors: Down Syndrome, Behavior Problems, Child Behavior, Children
Spatial-Sequential and Spatial-Simultaneous Working Memory in Individuals with Williams Syndrome
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Lanfranchi, Silvia; De Mori, Letizia; Mammarella, Irene C.; Carretti, Barbara; Vianello, Renzo – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2015
The aim of the present study was to compare visuospatial working memory performance in 18 individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) and 18 typically developing (TD) children matched for nonverbal mental age. Two aspects were considered: task presentation format (i.e., spatial-sequential or spatial-simultaneous), and level of attentional control…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Disabilities, Visual Perception, Spatial Ability
Children with Chromosome 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome Exhibit Impaired Spatial Working Memory
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Wong, Ling M.; Riggins, Tracy; Harvey, Danielle; Cabaral, Margarita; Simon, Tony J. – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2014
Individuals with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) have been shown to have impairments in processing spatiotemporal information. The authors examined whether children with 22q11.2DS exhibit impairments in spatial working memory performance due to these weaknesses, even when controlling for maintenance of attention. Children with…
Descriptors: Mental Retardation, Genetic Disorders, Spatial Ability, Short Term Memory
Profiles of Everyday Executive Functioning in Young Children with Down Syndrome
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Daunhauer, Lisa A.; Fidler, Deborah J.; Hahn, Laura; Will, Elizabeth; Lee, Nancy Raitano; Hepburn, Susan – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2014
We investigated executive functioning (EF) in children with Down syndrome (DS; n = 25) and typically developing (TD) children matched for mental age (MA; n = 23) using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Preschool. We sought to (1) compare children with DS to a developmentally matched control group, and (2) to characterize the EF…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Cognitive Processes, Children, Down Syndrome