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Threat and Deprivation Are Associated with Distinct Aspects of Cognition, Emotional Processing, and Psychopathology in Children and Adolescents
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Schäfer, Julia Luiza; McLaughlin, Katie A.; Manfro, Gisele Gus; Pan, Pedro; Rohde, Luis Augusto; Miguel, Eurípedes Constantino; Simioni, André; Hoffmann, Maurício Scopel; Salum, Giovanni Abrahão – Developmental Science, 2023
Exposure to childhood adversity has been consistently associated with poor developmental outcomes, but it is unclear whether these associations vary across different forms of adversity. We examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between threat and deprivation with cognition, emotional processing, and psychopathology in a…
Descriptors: Child Behavior, Children, Adolescents, Disadvantaged Environment
Neurodevelopmental Effects of Early Deprivation in Postinstitutionalized Children
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Pollak, Seth D.; Nelson, Charles A.; Schlaak, Mary F.; Roeber, Barbara J.; Wewerka, Sandi S.; Wiik, Kristen L.; Frenn, Kristin A.; Loman, Michelle M.; Gunnar, Megan R. – Child Development, 2010
The neurodevelopmental sequelae of early deprivation were examined by testing (N = 132) 8- and 9-year-old children who had endured prolonged versus brief institutionalized rearing or rearing in the natal family. Behavioral tasks included measures that permit inferences about underlying neural circuitry. Children raised in institutionalized…
Descriptors: Auditory Perception, Memory, Disadvantaged Environment, Inferences
Do the Effects of Early Severe Deprivation on Cognition Persist into Early Adolescence?: Findings from the English and Romanian Adoptees Study
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Beckett, Celia; Maughan, Barbara; Rutter, Michael; Castle, Jenny; Colvert, Emma; Groothues, Christine; Kreppner, Jana; Stevens, Suzanne; O'Connor, Thomas G.; Sonuga-Barke, Edmund J. S. – Child Development, 2006
Cognitive outcomes at age 11 of 131 Romanian adoptees from institutions were compared with 50 U.K. adopted children. Key findings were of both continuity and change: (1) marked adverse effects persisted at age 11 for many of the children who were over 6 months on arrival; (2) there was some catch-up between ages 6 and 11 for the bottom 15%; (3)…
Descriptors: Early Adolescents, Adoption, Children, Foreign Countries
The Effects of Global Severe Privation on Cognitive Competence: Extension and Longitudinal Follow-Up.
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O'Connor, Thomas G.; Rutter, Michael; Beckett, Celia; Keavency, Lisa; Kreppner, Jana M. – Child Development, 2000
An extended longitudinal study compared cognitive development in children adopted from Romania before 24 months and in United Kingdom adoptees with an additional sample of Romanian children adopted after 24 months. Findings indicated that there was considerable catch-up among late-placed Romanian children but they exhibited lower cognitive scores…
Descriptors: Adopted Children, Child Development, Children, Cognitive Development
Long-Term Poverty and Child Development in the United States: Results from the NLSY.
Korenman, Sanders; And Others – Children and Youth Services Review, 1995
Describes early childhood developmental deficits associated with long-term poverty as indicated by the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY). Suggests substantial disadvantages in cognitive development among young children in chronically poor families. Deficits appear in a variety of indices of cognitive or socioemotional development,…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Child Development, Child Welfare, Childhood Needs
Psychosocial Adjustment among Children Experiencing Persistent and Intermittent Family Economic Hardship.
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Bolger, Kerry E.; And Others – Child Development, 1995
Examines the effects of persistent economic hardship on children. Both black and white children who experienced persistent family economic hardship demonstrated problems in peer relations, showed conduct problems at school, and reported low self-esteem. Connections between persistent economic hardship and psychosocial adjustment were more…
Descriptors: Adjustment (to Environment), Blacks, Children, Cognitive Development