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Peer reviewedIwata, Brian A.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1990
Three studies investigated environmental correlates of self-injurious behavior in seven developmentally disabled children and adolescents which were then later used for treatment. Correlates investigated included positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, automatic reinforcement, and control. "Escape extinction" was successfully…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Behavior Modification, Children, Contingency Management
Peer reviewedRomanczyk, Raymond G. – Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1977
Two studies were performed comparing the effectiveness of fixed-ratio (FR) and variable-ratio (VR) schedules of punishment during application and extinction. Subjects were two young children. Both studies found significant positive "side effects" of punishment in terms of increased play and social behavior as well as increased performance of…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Behavior Chaining, Children, Conditioning
Peer reviewedBaumeister, Alan A.; Baumeister, Alfred A. – Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 1978
Two severely retarded institutionalized children (4 and 7 years old) who exhibited high rates of severely self-injurious behaviors were punished with aromatic ammonia inhalation on a response-contingent basis. (Author/SBH)
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Children, Contingency Management, Exceptional Child Research
Peer reviewedHoch, Theodore A.; Babbitt, Roberta L.; Farrar-Schneider, Debra; Berkowitz, Merrill J.; Owens, J. Carl; Knight, Terry L.; Snyder, Angela M.; Rizol, Laura M.; Wise, David T. – Education and Treatment of Children, 2001
This paper reports on assessment and treatment of food refusal for four inpatient boys (ages 2,3,3, and 9) receiving tube feedings. It used a contingency contacting procedure extended by a component analysis. Data suggest that food refusal appeared to be maintained primarily by negative reinforcement contingencies. Caregiver responses indicated a…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Case Studies, Children, Contingency Management
