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Ning Wang; Haibin Wang; Yu Bai; Yilu Zhao; Xiangyu Zheng; Xuping Gao; Zifeng Zhang; Li Yang – Journal of Attention Disorders, 2024
Objective: Although ADHD is highly heritable, some environmental factors contribute to its development. Given the growing evidence that gut microbiota was involved in psychiatric disorders, we aimed to identify the characteristic composition of the gut microbiota in ADHD. Methods: We recruited 47 medication-naive children and adolescents with…
Descriptors: Human Body, Microbiology, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Genetics
Carly Hyde; Logan Shurtz; Nicole McDonald; Maria Pizzano; Charles A. Nelson; Elizabeth A. Thiele; Connie Kasar; Shafali Jeste – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2025
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic condition characterized by both medical and neuropsychiatric diagnoses that emerge across the lifespan. As part of a clinical trial, caregivers of children with TSC were interviewed about their experiences navigating medical, school, and social services. Semistructured interviews (N = 20) with…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Neuropsychology, Clinical Diagnosis, Control Groups
Weisman, O.; Feldman, R.; Burg-Malki, M.; Keren, M.; Geva, R.; Diesendruck, G.; Gothelf, D. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2017
Background: Numerous studies have assessed the socio-cognitive profile in Williams syndrome (WS) and, independently, in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS). Yet, a cross-syndrome comparison of these abilities between individuals with these two syndromes with known social deficits has not been conducted. Methods: Eighty-two children participated…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Intellectual Disability, Intelligence Tests, Interpersonal Competence
Kollara, Lakshmi; Schenck, Graham; Jaskolka, Michael; Perry, Jamie L. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2017
Purpose: To date, no studies have imaged the velopharynx in children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2 DS) without the use of sedation. Dysmorphology in velopharyngeal structures has been shown to have significant negative implications on speech among these individuals. This single case study was designed to assess the feasibility of a…
Descriptors: Children, Speech Impairments, Genetic Disorders, Case Studies
Donaldson, Chelsea K.; Stauder, Johannes E. A.; Donkers, Franc C. L. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2017
Recent studies have suggested that sensory processing atypicalities may share genetic influences with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). To further investigate this, the adolescent/adult sensory profile (AASP) questionnaire was distributed to 85 parents of typically developing children (P-TD), 121 parents from simplex ASD families (SPX), and 54…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Sensory Experience, Parents
Hilton, Claudia L.; Babb-Keeble, Alison; Westover, Erin Eitzmann; Zhang, Yi; Adams, Claire; Collins, Diane M.; Karmarkar, Amol; Reistetter, Timothy A.; Constantino, John N. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2016
This study examined sensory responsiveness in unaffected siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and associations between sensory responsiveness and social severity. Sensory Profile Caregiver Questionnaires and Social Responsiveness Scales were completed by parents of 185 children between age 4 and 10.95 years. Significant…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Sensory Integration, Responses
Green Snyder, LeeAnne; D'Angelo, Debra; Chen, Qixuan; Bernier, Raphael; Goin-Kochel, Robin P.; Wallace, Arianne Stevens; Gerdts, Jennifer; Kanne, Stephen; Berry, Leandra; Blaskey, Lisa; Kuschner, Emily; Roberts, Timothy; Sherr, Elliot; Martin, Christa L.; Ledbetter, David H.; Spiro, John E.; Chung, Wendy K.; Hanson, Ellen – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2016
The 16p11.2 duplication (BP4-BP5) is associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), although significant heterogeneity exists. Quantitative ASD, behavioral and neuropsychological measures and DSM-IV diagnoses in child and adult carriers were compared with familial non-carrier controls, and to published results from deletion carriers. The 16p11.2…
Descriptors: Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Developmental Disabilities, Psychiatry, Statistical Analysis
Sjögreen, Lotta; Mårtensson, Åsa; Ekström, Anne-Berit – International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 2018
Background: Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a slowly progressive multi-systemic disease with an autosomal-dominant inheritance caused by a mutation on chromosome 19 (19q13.3). Aims: To explore speech characteristics in a group of individuals with the congenital and childhood-onset forms of DM1 in terms of intelligibility, speech-sound…
Descriptors: Diseases, Muscular Strength, Speech Impairments, Video Technology
van Rijn, Sophie; Stockmann, Lex; Borghgraef, Martine; Bruining, Hilgo; van Ravenswaaij-Arts, Conny; Govaerts, Lutgarde; Hansson, Kerstin; Swaab, Hanna – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2014
The present study aimed to gain more insight in the social behavioral phenotype, and related autistic symptomatology, of children with an extra X chromosome in comparison to children with ASD. Participants included 60 children with an extra X chromosome (34 boys with Klinefelter syndrome and 26 girls with Trisomy X), 58 children with ASD and 106…
Descriptors: Social Behavior, Antisocial Behavior, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Rudolph, Johanna M.; Leonard, Laurence B. – Journal of Early Intervention, 2016
Delayed appearance of early language milestones can be one of the first signs of a developmental disorder. In this study, we investigated how well late acquisition of language milestones predicted an outcome of specific language impairment (SLI). The sample included 150 children (76 SLI), aged 4 to 7 years old. Milestone information was collected…
Descriptors: Language Acquisition, Language Impairments, Accuracy, Developmental Delays
Van Den Heuvel, Ellen; Botting, Nicola; Boudewijns, Inge; Manders, Eric; Swillen, Ann; Zink, Inge – First Language, 2017
This study investigated three conversational subskills in children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS, n = 8, ages 7-13) and Williams syndrome (WS, n = 8, ages 6-12). The researchers re-evaluated these subskills after 18 to 24 months and compared them to those of peers with idiopathic intellectual disability (IID) and IID and comorbid…
Descriptors: Intellectual Disability, Communication Skills, Comparative Analysis, Comorbidity
Ballinger, Elizabeth C.; Cordeiro, Lisa; Chavez, Alyssa D.; Hagerman, Randi J.; Hessl, David – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2014
Social avoidance and anxiety are prevalent in fragile X syndrome (FXS) and are potentially mediated by the amygdala, a brain region critical for social behavior. Unfortunately, functional brain resonance imaging investigation of the amygdala in FXS is limited by the difficulties experienced by intellectually impaired and anxious participants. We…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Correlation, Antisocial Behavior
Johnson, Sarah L. M.; Wang, Lei; Alpert, Kathryn I.; Greenstein, Deanna; Clasen, Liv; Lalonde, Francois; Miller, Rachel; Rapoport, Judith; Gogtay, Nitin – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2013
Objective: The hippocampus has been implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, and hippocampal volume deficits have been a consistently reported abnormality, but the subregional specificity of the deficits remains unknown. The authors explored the nature and developmental trajectory of subregional shape abnormalities of the hippocampus in…
Descriptors: Genetics, Children, Pathology, Attention Deficit Disorders
Losh, Molly; Martin, Gary E.; Lee, Michelle; Klusek, Jessica; Sideris, John; Barron, Sheila; Wassink, Thomas – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2017
Genetic liability to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be expressed in unaffected relatives through subclinical, genetically meaningful traits, or endophenotypes. This study aimed to identify developmental endophenotypes in parents of individuals with ASD by examining parents' childhood academic development over the school-age period. A cohort of…
Descriptors: Genetics, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Parents
Perovic, Alexandra; Modyanova, Nadya; Wexler, Ken – Language Acquisition: A Journal of Developmental Linguistics, 2013
This study investigates whether distinct neurodevelopmental disorders show distinct patterns of impairments in particular grammatical abilities and the relation of those grammatical patterns to general language delays and intellectual disabilities. We studied two disorders (autism and Williams syndrome [WS]) and two distinct properties (Principle…
Descriptors: Grammar, Autism, Language Impairments, Genetic Disorders