The daily oral activities may severely influence oral health of children with disabilities. In this survey, we analyzed the impact of dietary and tooth-brushing habits to dental caries in special school children with disabilities. This cross-sectional survey investigated 535 special school children with disabilities aged 6-12 years, 60.93% males,…

A behavior problem checklist was administered to the teachers of six to eight year old children. Eight factors were identified as Hyperactivity, Disciplinary Problems, Sluggishness, Paranoiac Tendencies, Social Withdrawal, Acting Out, Speech Problems; and Antisocial Tendencies. Three second order factors were identified as Neutroticism,…

Children (N=64) in a fourth-grade class were given 20 tokens for drawing a picture and then had the option of donating any or all of the tokens to either "needy children" or for "a class prize." Sharing with needy children was positively correlated with self-esteem. (Author)

In this article, theories of sexual abuse of children and treatment programs are reviewed. Familial patterns and signs of psychological distress are identified. (Author)

Kindergarten and fourth-grade children participated in a study designed to assess the effects of number of models and type of behavior modeled on developmental differences of children's subsequent generosity. As predicted, generosity of younger children was affected by behavior of model(s) to a greater extent than was that of older children.…

The effects of feedback on the approaches of 20 hyperactive and 20 hypoactive children (ages 6 to 10) to a vigilance task were studied. Results showed that hyperactive Ss had more errors than hypoactive Ss under the feedback for correct responses condition and fewer errors under the feedback for false alarms condition. (PHR)

An ecological method was used to assess the patterns of goal-directed behaviors of eight children with autism and eight chronological and mental age comparable children with Down syndrome. Analysis of quantitative and qualitative behavior coding indicated that children with autism exhibited shorter and less overlapping goal-directed behaviors,…

Tested the hypothesis that internals will achieve more than externals in situations where competition is preeminent but not where cooperation is requried. Children (N=300) were divided into internals and externals, placed in situations varying in competition and cooperation, and readministered digit-symbol task. The general hypothesis was…

Examines effects of self-fulfilling prophecies of students and proposes reframing to solve these difficulties. Reframing proper self-description is a way of thinking that facilitates learning and reduces classroom tensions. Giving children support and the opportunity to reframe their ideas to more closely approximate reality leads to substantial…

Highlights practical ways to apply metaphysical principles and tools to change one's personal reality and to assist others in doing the same. Permissions and forgiveness, tools for clearing up negative thoughts, beliefs, and ideas, are described. Suggested activities for applying them are included. Metaphysical definitions and concepts conclude…

Analyzed the data from the Rutter Children's Behaviour Questionnaire (M. Rutter, 1967) from 450 Swedish children in grades 2, 5, and 8 using latent variable analysis. Findings show a structure described by a nested hierarchical model with seven first order factors. Some items have rather weak relations to their latent factors. (SLD)

The purpose of this study was to test an informational vs. a dispositional hypothesis in predicting how children resolve instances of attributional conflict. Sixty-four sixth grade boys served as subjects after scoring in the upper and lower quartile of the Intellectual Achievement Responsibility Scale (IAR). Each child performed two separate…

Examined the effectiveness of group counseling, focusing on elimination of self defeating behaviors in 60 learning disabled children. Results of pre- and posttest measures indicated that compared to controls, children in the counseling group had higher aspirations, lower anxiety, and significantly higher internal locus of control scores. (JAC)

Reports that no short term effects were found in children's physical or verbal aggression scores as a result of their exposure to violent comic books. (Author/FL)