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Elizabeth B. Varghese; Marwa Qaraqe; Dena Al-Thani – IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, 2024
In children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), assessing attention is crucial to understanding their behavioral and cognitive functioning. Attention difficulties are a common challenge for children with autism, significantly impacting their learning and social interactions. Traditional assessment methods often require skilled professionals to…
Descriptors: Children, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Control Groups, Attention Span
Ning Wang; Haibin Wang; Yu Bai; Yilu Zhao; Xiangyu Zheng; Xuping Gao; Zifeng Zhang; Li Yang – Journal of Attention Disorders, 2024
Objective: Although ADHD is highly heritable, some environmental factors contribute to its development. Given the growing evidence that gut microbiota was involved in psychiatric disorders, we aimed to identify the characteristic composition of the gut microbiota in ADHD. Methods: We recruited 47 medication-naive children and adolescents with…
Descriptors: Human Body, Microbiology, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Genetics
Fethiye Kiliçaslan; Aybike Tan; Zulkif Tanriverdi – Journal of Attention Disorders, 2025
Introduction: Conflicting findings exist regarding the link between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the frontal QRS-T (fQRS-T) angle and its correlation with symptom severity in children diagnosed with ADHD. Methods: The study population consisted of 172 patients diagnosed…
Descriptors: Children, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Control Groups, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Sara Carucci; Alessandro Zuddas; Angelico Lampis; Kenneth K. C. Man; Carla Balia; Jan Buitelaar; Marina Danckaerts; Ralf W. Dittmann; Federica Donno; Bruno Falissard; Antonella Gagliano; Peter Garas; Alexander Häge; Chris Hollis; Sarah K. Inglis; Kerstin Konrad; Hanna Kovshoff; Elizabeth Liddle; Suzanne McCarthy; Antje Neubert; Peter Nagy; Eric Rosenthal; Edmund J. S. Sonuga-Barke; Ian C. K. Wong; Tobias Banaschewski; David Coghill – Journal of Attention Disorders, 2024
Objective: The short-term safety of methylphenidate (MPH) has been widely demonstrated; however the long-term safety is less clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety of MPH in relation to pubertal maturation and to explore the monitoring of bone age. Method: Participants from ADDUCE, a two-year observational longitudinal study…
Descriptors: Human Body, Puberty, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Children
Buchweitz, Augusto; Azeredo, Lucas Araújo; Esper, Nathalia Bianchini; Dalfovo, Nicole Prigol; Picoli, Fernanda; Cunha, Fernanda Silva; Viola, Thiago Wendt; Grassi-Oliveira, Rodrigo – Mind, Brain, and Education, 2023
Dyslexia is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistently slow and effortful reading. It is associated with core cognitive deficits in decoding words, but it also presents significant challenges associated with, for example, anxiety and stress related to academic performance. We asked, thus, whether, reading out loud would be…
Descriptors: Children, Dyslexia, Reading, Stress Variables
Weisman, O.; Feldman, R.; Burg-Malki, M.; Keren, M.; Geva, R.; Diesendruck, G.; Gothelf, D. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2017
Background: Numerous studies have assessed the socio-cognitive profile in Williams syndrome (WS) and, independently, in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS). Yet, a cross-syndrome comparison of these abilities between individuals with these two syndromes with known social deficits has not been conducted. Methods: Eighty-two children participated…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Intellectual Disability, Intelligence Tests, Interpersonal Competence
de Greeff, J. W.; Hartman, E.; Mullender-Wijnsma, M. J.; Bosker, R. J.; Doolaard, S.; Visscher, C. – Health Education Research, 2016
Integrating physical activity into the curriculum has potential health and cognitive benefits in primary school children. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of physically active academic lessons on cardiovascular fitness, muscular fitness and executive functions. In the current randomized controlled trial, 499 second and third…
Descriptors: Physical Activities, Physical Education, Physical Fitness, Executive Function
Marí-Bauset, Salvador; Llopis-González, Agustín; Zazpe-García, Itziar; Marí-Sanchis, Amelia; Morales-Suárez-Varela, María – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2015
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have problems of food selectivity, implying risks of nutritional deficiencies. The aim was to compare intakes of macro and micronutrients and body mass index in ASD and typically developing (TD) children. In a case--control study, 3-day food diaries and anthropometric measurements were completed for ASD…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Children, Comparative Analysis
Neumeyer, Ann M.; Gates, Amy; Ferrone, Christine; Lee, Hang; Misra, Madhusmita – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2013
We determined whether bone mineral density (BMD) is lower in boys with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) than controls, and also assessed variables that may affect BMD in ASD. BMD was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 18 boys with ASD and 19 controls 8-14 years old. Boys with ASD had lower BMD Z-scores at the spine, hip and…
Descriptors: Autism, Children, Males, Human Body
Lemonnier, E.; Grandgeorge, M.; Jacobzone-Leveque, C.; Bessaguet, C.; Peudenier, S.; Misery, L. – Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2013
The authors hypothesised that red dermographism--a skin reaction involving the cholinergic system--is more frequent in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) than in children exhibiting typical development. We used a dermatological examination to study red dermographism in this transverse study, which compared forty six children with ASDs…
Descriptors: Autism, Asperger Syndrome, Control Groups, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Ballinger, Elizabeth C.; Cordeiro, Lisa; Chavez, Alyssa D.; Hagerman, Randi J.; Hessl, David – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2014
Social avoidance and anxiety are prevalent in fragile X syndrome (FXS) and are potentially mediated by the amygdala, a brain region critical for social behavior. Unfortunately, functional brain resonance imaging investigation of the amygdala in FXS is limited by the difficulties experienced by intellectually impaired and anxious participants. We…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Correlation, Antisocial Behavior
Richard, Donna Abely; More, William; Joy, Stephen P. – Art Therapy: Journal of the American Art Therapy Association, 2015
A severely impaired capacity for social interaction is one of the characteristics of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Deficits in facial emotional recognition processing may be associated with this limitation. The Build-a-Face (BAF) art therapy intervention was developed to assist with emotional recognition through the viewing and…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Interpersonal Competence, Emotional Response
Stein, Timo; Senju, Atsushi; Peelen, Marius V.; Sterzer, Philipp – Cognition, 2011
Eye contact captures attention and receives prioritized visual processing. Here we asked whether eye contact might be processed outside conscious awareness. Faces with direct and averted gaze were rendered invisible using interocular suppression. In two experiments we found that faces with direct gaze overcame such suppression more rapidly than…
Descriptors: Nonverbal Communication, Human Body, Children, Recognition (Psychology)
Schepman, Karen; Taylor, Eric; Collishaw, Stephan; Fombonne, Eric – Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 2012
Studies of adults with depression point to characteristic neurocognitive deficits, including differences in processing facial expressions. Few studies have examined face processing in juvenile depression, or taken account of other comorbid disorders. Three groups were compared: depressed children and adolescents with conduct disorder (n = 23),…
Descriptors: Nonverbal Communication, Adolescents, Depression (Psychology), Cognitive Processes
Goodarzi, Mahmood; Hemayattalab, Rasool – Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2012
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of weight bearing exercise and calcium intake on bone mineral density (BMD) of students with autism spectrum disorders. For this reason 60 boy students with autism disorder (age 8-10 years old) were assigned to four groups with no differences in age, BMD, calcium intake, and physical…
Descriptors: Experimental Groups, Control Groups, Physical Activities, Pervasive Developmental Disorders