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Direct linkPowell, Bradley; Van Herwegen, Jo – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2022
This study examined individual differences as well as the development of sensory processing difficulties in children with Williams syndrome (WS) using a cross-sectional (Experiment 1) and longitudinal design (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, a clustering approach of sensory processing scores suggested two groups. Experiment 2 showed that the…
Descriptors: Sensory Experience, Perceptual Impairments, Genetic Disorders, Children
Coleman, Jeanine; Thompson, Talia; Riley, Karen; Allen, Korrie; Michalak, Claire; Shields, Rebecca; Berry-Kravis, Elizabeth; Hessl, David – Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 2023
Background: Parenting children and young adults with intellectual disabilities, including individuals with fragile X syndrome and Down syndrome, is challenging, joyful, and complicated. Exploring how parents talk about their children, and the quality of the parent/child relationship can provide insight into the home environment and interactional…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Intellectual Disability, Congenital Impairments, Parents
Li-Gao, Ruifang; Boomsma, Dorret I.; Dolan, Conor V.; De Geus, Eco J. C.; Denollet, Johan; Kupper, Nina – Developmental Psychology, 2022
Feeling inhibited and socially not at ease is reflected in the trait social inhibition (SI). SI is associated with psychopathology that arises in young adulthood, such as anxiety. We aim for a better insight into the genetic and environmental contributions to SI across the life span, and as such examine their contributions to SI stability and…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Genetics, Environmental Influences, Twins
Tosto, Maria Grazia; Garon-Carrier, Gabrielle; Gross, Susan; Petrill, Stephen A.; Malykh, Sergey; Malki, Karim; Hart, Sara A.; Thompson, Lee; Karadaghi, Rezhaw L.; Yakovlev, Nikita; Tikhomirova, Tatiana; Opfer, John E.; Mazzocco, Michèle M. M.; Dionne, Ginette; Brendgen, Mara; Vitaro, Frank; Tremblay, Richard E.; Boivin, Michel; Kovas, Yulia – British Journal of Educational Psychology, 2019
Background: The number line task assesses the ability to estimate numerical magnitudes. People vary greatly in this ability, and this variability has been previously associated with mathematical skills. However, the sources of individual differences in number line estimation and its association with mathematics are not fully understood. Aims: This…
Descriptors: Twins, Individual Differences, Computation, Mathematics Skills
Sabatino DiCriscio, Antoinette; Troiani, Vanessa – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
Atypical visual perception has increasingly been described in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and linked to quantitative, autism-like features that are present in children and adults without ASD. We investigated whether individual differences in visual processing skills were related to quantitative measures of autism traits in a…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Genetics, Visual Perception
von Stumm, Sophie; Plomin, Robert – Developmental Science, 2018
School performance is one of the most stable and heritable psychological characteristics. Notwithstanding, monozygotic twins (MZ), who have identical genotypes, differ in school performance. These MZ differences result from non-shared environments that do not contribute to the similarity within twin pairs. Because to date few non-shared…
Descriptors: Genetics, Twins, Academic Achievement, Psychological Characteristics
Wesseldijk, Laura W.; Mosing, Miriam A.; Ullén, Fredrik – Developmental Psychology, 2019
Both genes and the environment are important for individual differences in expertise, but little is known about gene-environment interactions underlying domain-specific achievement. Here we explored this issue in a large Swedish twin cohort (N = 6,610), using moderator modeling with musical expertise as a model domain. Specifically, we tested…
Descriptors: Genetics, Environmental Influences, Interaction, Expertise
Toseeb, Umar; Oginni, Olakunle Ayokunmi; Dale, Philip S. – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2022
There is considerable variability in the extent to which young people with developmental language disorder (DLD) experience mental health difficulties. What drives these individual differences remains unclear. In the current article, data from the Twin Early Development Study were used to investigate the genetic and environmental influences on…
Descriptors: Language Impairments, Correlation, Psychopathology, Mental Health
Thomas, Michael S. C.; Forrester, Neil A.; Ronald, Angelica – Developmental Psychology, 2013
Socioeconomic status (SES) is an important environmental predictor of language and cognitive development, but the causal pathways by which it operates are unclear. We used a computational model of development to explore the adequacy of manipulations of environmental information to simulate SES effects in English past-tense acquisition, in a data…
Descriptors: Socioeconomic Status, Language Acquisition, English, Morphemes
Campbell, Daniel; Bick, Johanna; Yrigollen, Carolyn M.; Lee, Maria; Joseph, Antony; Chang, Joseph T.; Grigorenko, Elena L. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: Schooling is considered one of the major contributors to the development of intelligence within societies and individuals. Genetic variation might modulate the impact of schooling and explain, at least partially, the presence of individual differences in classrooms. Method: We studied a sample of 1,502 children (mean age = 11.7 years)…
Descriptors: Genetics, Foreign Countries, Intelligence, Individual Differences
Fiorentini, Chiara; Gray, Laura; Rhodes, Gillian; Jeffery, Linda; Pellicano, Elizabeth – Neuropsychologia, 2012
Autism is a pervasive developmental condition with complex aetiology. To aid the discovery of genetic mechanisms, researchers have turned towards identifying potential endophenotypes--subtle neurobiological or neurocognitive traits present in individuals with autism and their "unaffected" relatives. Previous research has shown that relatives of…
Descriptors: Autism, Siblings, Statistical Data, Mental Retardation
Mervis, Carolyn B.; Kistler, Doris J.; John, Angela E.; Morris, Colleen A. – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2012
Multilevel modeling was used to address the longitudinal stability of standard scores (SSs) measuring intellectual ability for children with Williams syndrome (WS). Participants were 40 children with genetically confirmed WS who completed the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test--Second Edition (KBIT-2; A. S. Kaufman & N. L. Kaufman, 2004) 4-7…
Descriptors: Congenital Impairments, Genetic Disorders, Mental Retardation, Intelligence Quotient
Luo, Yu L. L.; Kovas, Yulia; Haworth, Claire M. A.; Plomin, Robert – Learning and Individual Differences, 2011
The genetic and environmental origins of individual differences in mathematical self-evaluation over time and its association with later mathematics achievement were investigated in a UK sample of 2138 twin pairs at ages 9 and 12. Self-evaluation indexed how good children think they are at mathematical activities and how much they like those…
Descriptors: National Curriculum, Twins, Mathematics Achievement, Etiology
Elsabbagh, M.; Cohen, H.; Cohen, M.; Rosen, S.; Karmiloff-Smith, A. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2011
Background: Williams Syndrome (WS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder of genetic origin, characterised by relative proficiency in language in the face of serious impairment in several other domains. Individuals with WS display an unusual sensitivity to noise, known as hyperacusis. Methods: In this study, we examined the extent to which hyperacusis…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Mental Retardation, Congenital Impairments, Individual Differences
Franic, Sanja; Middeldorp, Christel M.; Dolan, Conor V.; Ligthart, Lannie; Boomsma, Dorret I. – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2010
Objective: To review the methodology of behavior genetics studies addressing research questions that go beyond simple heritability estimation and illustrate these using representative research on childhood and adolescent anxiety and depression. Method: The classic twin design and its extensions may be used to examine age and gender differences in…
Descriptors: Evidence, Children, Interpersonal Relationship, Genetics
