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Direct linkDavid C. Schwebel; Ole Johan Sando; Ellen Beate Hansen Sandseter; Rasmus Kleppe; Lise Storli – Infant and Child Development, 2025
On a daily basis, children make decisions about how to negotiate their physical environment. Sometimes they engage in physical tasks that involve risk, requiring them to judge the safety of how to negotiate the environment safely. Individual differences in children's age, sex, physical size, and personality may impact those decisions. We used…
Descriptors: Children, Decision Making, Computer Simulation, Task Analysis
Sally Hang; Geneva M. Jost; Amanda E. Guyer; Richard W. Robins; Paul D. Hastings; Camelia E. Hostinar – Child Development Perspectives, 2024
Loneliness becomes more prevalent as youth transition from childhood into adolescence. A key underlying process may be the puberty-related increase in biological stress reactivity, which can alter social behavior and elicit conflict or social withdrawal (fight-or-flight behaviors) in some youth, but increase prosocial (tend-and-befriend) responses…
Descriptors: Psychological Patterns, Puberty, Social Behavior, Models
Decker, Scott L.; Bridges, Rachel M.; Luedke, Jessica C.; Eason, Michael J. – Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 2021
The current study provides a methodological review of studies supporting a general factor of intelligence as the primary model for contemporary measures of cognitive abilities. A further evaluation is provided by an empirical evaluation that compares statistical estimates using different approaches in a large sample of children (ages 9-13 years, N…
Descriptors: Cognitive Measurement, Intelligence, Cognitive Ability, Personality
von Stumm, Sophie; Plomin, Robert – Developmental Science, 2018
School performance is one of the most stable and heritable psychological characteristics. Notwithstanding, monozygotic twins (MZ), who have identical genotypes, differ in school performance. These MZ differences result from non-shared environments that do not contribute to the similarity within twin pairs. Because to date few non-shared…
Descriptors: Genetics, Twins, Academic Achievement, Psychological Characteristics
Phillips, Deborah; Crowell, Nancy A.; Sussman, Amy L.; Gunnar, Megan; Fox, Nathan; Hane, Amie Ashley; Bisgaier, Joanna – Social Development, 2012
Consistent with Biological Sensitivity to Context and Differential Susceptibility hypotheses, this study found that children who, as infants, were more temperamentally reactive were more sensitive to the quality of childcare they experienced as toddlers, but not to the amount of childcare with peers they had experienced since birth. Children with…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Children, Personality, Child Care
Cramér-Wolrath, Emelie – Sign Language Studies, 2013
The aim of this longitudinal case study was to describe bimodal and bilingual acquisition in a hearing child, Hugo, especially the role his Deaf family played in his linguistic education. Video observations of the family interactions were conducted from the time Hugo was 10 months of age until he was 40 months old. The family language was Swedish…
Descriptors: Deafness, Foreign Countries, Bilingualism, Sign Language
De Pauw, Sarah S. W.; Mervielde, Ivan – Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 2010
The numerous temperament and personality constructs in childhood impede the systematic integration of findings on how these individual differences relate to developmental psychopathology. This paper reviews the main temperament and personality theories and proposes a theoretical taxonomy representing the common structure of both temperament and…
Descriptors: Personality Traits, Antisocial Behavior, Psychopathology, Children
Dennis, Tracy A.; Buss, Kristin A.; Hastings, Paul D.; Bell, Martha Ann; Diaz, Anjolii; Adam, Emma K.; Miskovic, Vladimir; Schmidt, Louis A.; Feldman, Ruth; Katz, Lynn Fainsilber; Rigterink, Tami; Strang, Nicole M.; Hanson, Jamie L.; Pollak, Seth D.; Dahl, Ronald E.; Silk, Jennifer S.; Siegle, Greg J.; Beauchaine, Theodore P.; Cicchetti, Dante; Rogosch, Fred A.; Fox, Nathan A.; Kirwan, Michael; Reeb-Sutherland, Bethany; Gunnar, Megan R.; Obradovic, Jelena; Boyce, W. Thomas; Molenaar, Peter C. M.; Gates, Kathleen M. – Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 2012
In the past decade, there has been a dramatic growth in research examining the development of emotion from a physiological perspective. However, this widespread use of physiological measures to study emotional development coexists with relatively few guiding principles, thus reducing opportunities to move the field forward in innovative ways. The…
Descriptors: Physiology, Psychological Patterns, Emotional Development, Measurement
Al-Hendawi, Maha – ProQuest LLC, 2010
Individual differences in temperament can be a risk or a protective factor for a child, especially for children at-risk who possess single or multiple risk factors that may interfere with their educational success and affect their healthy development and their life-long outcomes. This research study examined the concurrent and longitudinal…
Descriptors: Educational Objectives, Persistence, Outcomes of Education, Academic Achievement
Zhou, Qing; Lengua, Liliana J.; Wang, Yun – Developmental Psychology, 2009
The relations of parents' and teachers' reports of temperament anger-irritability, positive emotionality, and effortful control (attention focusing and inhibitory control) to children's externalizing and internalizing problems were examined in Chinese (N = 382) and U.S. (N = 322) samples of school-age children. Results suggested that in both…
Descriptors: Personality, Cultural Differences, Foreign Countries, Psychological Patterns
Putnam, Samuel P.; Stifter, Cynthia A. – Infant and Child Development, 2008
Through her theoretical and empirical work, Mary Rothbart has had a profound impact on the scientific understanding of infant and child temperament. This special issue honors her contributions through the presentations of original, contemporary studies relevant to three primary themes in Rothbart's conceptual approach: the expansive scope and…
Descriptors: Personality, Infants, Children, Individual Differences
Kokko, Katja; Pulkkinen, Lea; Huesmann, L. Rowell; Dubow, Eric F.; Boxer, Paul – Journal of Research on Adolescence, 2009
This study examined the prediction of different forms of adult aggression in 2 countries from child and adolescent aggression. It was based on 2 longitudinal projects: the Jyvaskyla Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development (JYLS; N = 196 boys and 173 girls) conducted in Finland and the Columbia County Longitudinal Study (CCLS; N =…
Descriptors: Aggression, Children, Foreign Countries, Social Development
Henderson, Heather A.; Wachs, Theodore D. – Developmental Review, 2007
In this paper we review current definitions and measurement approaches used to assess individual differences in children's temperament. We review the neural bases of temperamental reactivity and self-regulation and propose that these constructs provide a framework for examining individual differences and developmental change in emotion-cognition…
Descriptors: Personality, Individual Differences, Emotional Development, Children
Trown, E. Anne – Brit J Educ Psychol, 1970
Descriptors: Children, Individual Differences, Personality, Teaching Methods
Lewis, Marc D.; Todd, Rebecca M. – Cognitive Development, 2007
To speak of cognitive regulation versus emotion regulation may be misleading. However, some forms of regulation are carried out by executive processes, subject to voluntary control, while others are carried out by "automatic" processes that are far more primitive. Both sets of processes are in constant interaction, and that interaction gives rise…
Descriptors: Children, Personality, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Metacognition
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