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Direct linkArmitage, Kristy L.; Redshaw, Jonathan – Child Development, 2022
Ninety-seven children aged 4-11 (49 males, 48 females, mostly White) were given the opportunity to improve their problem-solving performance by devising and implementing a novel cognitive offloading strategy. Across two phases, they searched for hidden rewards using maps that were either aligned or misaligned with the search space. In the second…
Descriptors: Children, Cognitive Style, Cognitive Processes, Problem Solving
Personality Predicts Innovation and Social Learning in Children: Implications for Cultural Evolution
Rawlings, Bruce S.; Flynn, Emma G.; Kendal, Rachel L. – Developmental Science, 2022
Innovation and social learning are the pillars of cultural evolution, allowing cultural behaviours to cumulatively advance over generations. Yet, little is known about individual differences in the use of social and asocial information. We examined whether personality influenced 7-11-year-old children's (N = 282) propensity to elect to observe…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Personality Traits, Children, Preadolescents
Tosto, Maria Grazia; Garon-Carrier, Gabrielle; Gross, Susan; Petrill, Stephen A.; Malykh, Sergey; Malki, Karim; Hart, Sara A.; Thompson, Lee; Karadaghi, Rezhaw L.; Yakovlev, Nikita; Tikhomirova, Tatiana; Opfer, John E.; Mazzocco, Michèle M. M.; Dionne, Ginette; Brendgen, Mara; Vitaro, Frank; Tremblay, Richard E.; Boivin, Michel; Kovas, Yulia – British Journal of Educational Psychology, 2019
Background: The number line task assesses the ability to estimate numerical magnitudes. People vary greatly in this ability, and this variability has been previously associated with mathematical skills. However, the sources of individual differences in number line estimation and its association with mathematics are not fully understood. Aims: This…
Descriptors: Twins, Individual Differences, Computation, Mathematics Skills
Greiner de Magalhães, Caroline; Mervis, Carolyn B.; Cardoso-Martins, Cláudia – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2021
We examined the contribution of a major predictor of basic literacy ability--phoneme awareness--to individual differences in two arithmetic computation tasks: a speeded task consisting of simple computation problems (arithmetic fluency) and an untimed, more complex computation task involving multi-digit operands (numerical operations). The…
Descriptors: Predictor Variables, Arithmetic, Reading Fluency, Spelling
Download full textDoumas, Leonidas A. A.; Morrison, Robert G.; Richland, Lindsey E. – Grantee Submission, 2018
Children's cognitive control and knowledge at school entry predict growth rates in analogical reasoning skill over time; however, the mechanisms by which these factors interact and impact learning are unclear. We propose that inhibitory control is critical for developing both the relational representations necessary to reason and the ability to…
Descriptors: Logical Thinking, Thinking Skills, Inhibition, Problem Solving
Russo-Ponsaran, Nicole M.; Lerner, Matthew D.; McKown, Clark; Weber, Rebecca J.; Karls, Ashley; Kang, Erin; Sommer, Samantha L. – Grantee Submission, 2019
Few tools are available to comprehensively describe the unique social-emotional skill profiles of youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present study describes the usability, reliability, and validity of SELweb, a normed, web-based assessment designed to measure four core social-emotional domains, when used to measure these skills in a…
Descriptors: Social Development, Emotional Development, Skill Development, Autism
Stevenson, Claire E. – International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 2017
This study contrasted the effects of tutoring, multiple try and no feedback on children's progression in analogy solving and examined individual differences herein. Feedback that includes additional hints or explanations leads to the greatest learning gains in adults. However, children process feedback differently from adults and effective…
Descriptors: Tutoring, Feedback (Response), Children, Short Term Memory
Reeve, Robert; Reynolds, Fiona; Humberstone, Judi; Butterworth, Brian – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2012
Dot enumeration (DE) and number comparison (NC) abilities are considered markers of core number competence. Differences in DE/NC reaction time (RT) signatures are thought to distinguish between typical and atypical number development. Whether a child's DE and NC signatures change or remain stable over time, relative to other developmental…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Profiles, Children, Reaction Time
Lee, Kerry; Ng, Ee Lynn; Ng, Swee Fong – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2009
Solving algebraic word problems involves multiple cognitive phases. The authors used a multitask approach to examine the extent to which working memory and executive functioning are associated with generating problem models and producing solutions. They tested 255 11-year-olds on working memory (Counting Recall, Letter Memory, and Keep Track),…
Descriptors: Problem Solving, Short Term Memory, Word Problems (Mathematics), Algebra
Hinnant, James Benjamin; El-Sheikh, Mona – Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 2009
We examined associations between basal respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) in conjunction with RSA regulation with the hypothesis that their interaction would explain unique variability in children's prospective adjustment 2 years later. Participants were 176 children (98 girls; 78 boys) in middle childhood. RSA regulation was assessed through…
Descriptors: Psychopathology, Problem Solving, Behavior Problems, Child Behavior
Farrington-Flint, Lee; Stash, Amanda; Stiller, James – Educational Psychology, 2008
This study examined the role of variability and change in children's strategy performance within the context of spelling. The spelling ability of 34 eight- to nine-year-olds was examined using an experimental spelling task comprising 45 items, which varied with regard to rime unit frequency. The spelling task incorporated a series of consistent,…
Descriptors: Spelling, Intervals, Learning Strategies, Cognitive Style
Mouchiroud, Christophe; Bernoussi, Aurore – Learning and Individual Differences, 2008
Creativity can be broadly defined as a combination of interacting individual and environmental resources leading to the production of valuable solutions. This paper concentrates on the type of creativity that can be expressed in solving social problems. After reviewing the potentially relevant psychological and contextual variables intervening in…
Descriptors: Social Problems, Creativity, Prevention, Parenting Styles
Fernandez-Berrocal, Pablo; Santamaria, Carlos – Journal of Experimental Education, 2006
In this study, the authors introduce a new way to analyze cognitive change during social interactions, based on the mental model theory of reasoning. From this approach, cognitive performance can be improved for solving problems that require multiple models when participants in a social interaction group maintain qualitatively different models of…
Descriptors: Models, Interpersonal Relationship, Problem Solving, Thinking Skills
Cummings, E. Mark; El-Sheikh, Mona; Kouros, Chrystyna D.; Keller, Peggy S. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2007
Background: Children's physiological reactivity was examined as a moderator of relations between parental dysphoria and child adjustment problems, addressing gaps in the study of child characteristics as risk processes. Method: One hundred fifty-seven children (86 boys, 71 girls) were assessed twice over a two-year interval. Skin conductance level…
Descriptors: Social Adjustment, Depression (Psychology), Children, Risk
Peer reviewedKroonenberg, Pieter M.; Snyder, Conrad W., Jr. – Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1989
Data on problem solving collected within the framework of G. Eckblad's cognitive theory of affect (1981) are analyzed with 3-mode principal component analysis. Eight tasks with 6 judgment scales were completed by 32 13-year-old boys. The effectiveness of the TUCKALS principal components analysis method is discussed. (SLD)
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Children, Cognitive Processes, Comparative Analysis
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