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Direct linkÇapa Tayyare, Begüm; Gerçek, Evrim; Dursun, Erbil; Akçin, Nur – Psychology in the Schools, 2023
Executive functions (EFs) are an umbrella term that includes various cognitive abilities (such as inhibition, planning, goal-setting, monitoring, and shifting). There is common agreement that there are three main EFs: inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, and working memory. Further studies have reported that compared to typically developing…
Descriptors: Cerebral Palsy, Executive Function, Inhibition, Self Control
An, Iuliia; Zhukova, Marina A.; Ovchinnikova, Irina; Grigorenko, Elena L. – New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2020
The current study investigated the long-term effects of institutionalization on the inhibitory control of young adults raised in orphanages using the color-word Stroop task. We examined whether young adults raised in institutions (IC group; n = 24; M = 22.17 years, SD = 6.7) would demonstrate poorer behavioral performance and atypical neural…
Descriptors: Young Adults, Institutionalized Persons, Child Development, Stimuli
Ford, Cassie B.; Kim, Ha Yeon; Brown, Lindsay; Aber, J. Lawrence; Sheridan, Margaret A. – Research in Comparative and International Education, 2019
The Rapid Assessment of Cognitive and Emotional Regulation (RACER) is a tablet-based assessment tool for children that measures executive function (EF) skills. Instructions that are brief and visually presented; game-like tasks are designed to easily engage children regardless of literacy level and variable test administration settings. RACER…
Descriptors: Cognitive Tests, Data Collection, Low Income Groups, Foreign Countries
Cragg, Lucy – Developmental Psychology, 2016
Interference control, the ability to overcome distraction from irrelevant information, undergoes considerable improvement during childhood, yet the mechanisms driving these changes remain unclear. The present study investigated the relative influence of interference at the level of the stimulus or the response. Seven-, 10-, and 20-year-olds…
Descriptors: Self Control, Stimuli, Responses, Interference (Learning)
Lafavor, Theresa – Journal of Early Adolescence, 2018
Widening achievement gaps between homeless and highly mobile (HHM) youth and their peers highlight the need for research to understand effects of risk and adversity on development to promote resilience and positive adaptation. Youth living under the poverty line experience more risk and adversity, leading to difficulty in multiple domains…
Descriptors: Role, Executive Function, Reading Ability, Homeless People
Geurts, Hilde M; de Wit, Sanne – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2014
Repetitive behavior is a key characteristic of autism spectrum disorders. Our aim was to investigate the hypothesis that this abnormal behavioral repetition results from a tendency to over-rely on habits at the expense of flexible, goal-directed action. Twenty-four children with autism spectrum disorders and 24 age- and gender-matched controls…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Children, Behavior Modification
Sjowall, Douglas; Roth, Linda; Lindqvist, Sofia; Thorell, Lisa B. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: The notion that ADHD constitutes a heterogeneous disorder is well accepted. However, this study contributes with new important knowledge by examining independent effects of a large range of neuropsychological deficits. In addition, the study investigated whether deficits in emotional functioning constitute a dissociable component of…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Executive Function, Neurological Impairments, Cognitive Processes
Motlagh, Maria G.; Sukhodolsky, Denis G.; Landeros-Weisenberger, Angeli; Katsovich, Liliya; Thompson, Nancy; Scahill, Lawrence; King, Robert A.; Peterson, Bradley S.; Schultz, Robert T.; Leckman, James F. – Journal of Attention Disorders, 2011
Objective: Exposure to heavy maternal cigarette smoking in pregnancy and severe maternal psychosocial stress during pregnancy appear to be important risk factors for the development of ADHD. This study aimed to determine whether these perinatal risk factors were associated with neuropsychological deficits commonly seen in ADHD. Method: We examined…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Smoking, Performance Tests, Pregnancy
Restraint and Cancellation: Multiple Inhibition Deficits in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Schachar, Russell; Logan, Gordon D.; Robaey, Philippe; Chen, Shirley; Ickowicz, Abel; Barr, Cathy – Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 2007
We used variations of the stop signal task to study two components of motor response inhibition--the ability to withhold a strong response tendency (restraint) and the ability to cancel an ongoing action (cancellation)--in children with a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and in non-ADHD controls of similar age (ages…
Descriptors: Self Control, Inhibition, Attention Deficit Disorders, Control Groups
Huang-Pollock, Cynthia L.; Mikami, Amori Yee; Pfiffner, Linda; McBurnett, Keith – Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 2007
In this study we examined prepotent motor inhibition and responsiveness to reward using a variation of the stop signal reaction time (SSRT) task in clinic- and community-recruited children ages 7 to 12 with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder-inattentive type (ADHD-I), ADHD-combined type (ADHD-C), and non-ADHD controls. Contrary to…
Descriptors: Rewards, Reaction Time, Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorders
Peer reviewedWilliams, Benjamin R.; Ponesse, Jonathan S.; Schachar, Russell J.; Logan, Gordon D.; Tannock, Rosemary – Developmental Psychology, 1999
Examined development of inhibitory control using a stop-signal procedure with subjects ages 6 to 81 years. Found that the speed of stopping becomes faster with increasing age throughout childhood, with limited evidence of slowing across adulthood. The go-signal reaction time clearly increased through childhood and slowed markedly through…
Descriptors: Adults, Age Differences, Child Behavior, Child Development
Firestone, Philip; Martin, Jaclynn E. – 1978
This study attempted to identify cognitive and behavioral deficits which might be unique to hyperactive children. Fifty children between the ages of 5 and 12 were subjects of the investigation. Four experimental groups were formed: Hyperactive (HA), Behavior Problem Children (BP), Severely Asthmatic Children (AC), and Normal Control Children (NC).…
Descriptors: Asthma, Attention, Behavior Problems, Children
