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Direct linkBruno Sauce; John Wiedenhoeft; Nicholas Judd; Torkel Klingberg – npj Science of Learning, 2021
The interplay of genetic and environmental factors behind cognitive development has preoccupied multiple fields of science and sparked heated debates over the decades. Here we tested the hypothesis that developmental genes rely heavily on cognitive challenges - as opposed to natural maturation. Starting with a polygenic score (cogPGS) that…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Children, Adolescents, Short Term Memory
Prigge, Molly B. D.; Bigler, Erin D.; Lange, Nicholas; Morgan, Jubel; Froehlich, Alyson; Freeman, Abigail; Kellett, Kristina; Kane, Karen L.; King, Carolyn K.; Taylor, June; Dean, Douglas C., III; King, Jace B.; Anderson, Jeff S.; Zielinski, Brandon A.; Alexander, Andrew L.; Lainhart, Janet E. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2022
Intelligence (IQ) scores are used in educational and vocational planning for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) yet little is known about the stability of IQ throughout development. We examined longitudinal age-related IQ stability in 119 individuals with ASD (3-36 years of age at first visit) and 128 typically developing controls.…
Descriptors: Autism Spectrum Disorders, Intelligence, Cognitive Development, Scores
Vogelzang, Margreet; Guasti, Maria Teresa; van Rijn, Hedderik; Hendriks, Petra – Cognitive Science, 2021
Reduced forms such as the pronoun "he" provide little information about their intended meaning compared to more elaborate descriptions such as "the lead singer of Coldplay." Listeners must therefore use contextual information to recover their meaning. Across languages, there appears to be a trade-off between the informativity…
Descriptors: Children, Cognitive Processes, Language Processing, Form Classes (Languages)
Jones, Jonathan S.; Adlam, Anna-Lynne R.; Benattayallah, Abdelmalek; Milton, Fraser N. – Child Development, 2022
Working memory training improves children's cognitive performance on untrained tasks; however, little is known about the underlying neural mechanisms. This was investigated in 32 typically developing children aged 10-14 years (19 girls and 13 boys) using a randomized controlled design and multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (Devon, UK;…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Child Development, Cognitive Development, Diagnostic Tests
Skalaban, Lena J.; Cohen, Alexandra O.; Conley, May I.; Lin, Qi; Schwartz, Garrett N.; Ruiz-Huidobro, Nicholas A. M.; Cannonier, Tariq; Martinez, Steven A.; Casey, B. J. – Learning & Memory, 2022
Working memory and recognition memory develop across adolescence, but the relationship between them is not fully understood. We investigated associations between n-back task performance and subsequent recognition memory in a community sample (8-30 yr, n = 150) using tasks from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (ABCD Study) to…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Short Term Memory, Recognition (Psychology), Adults
Troller-Renfree, Sonya V.; Buzzell, George A.; Fox, Nathan A. – Developmental Science, 2020
Cognitive control develops rapidly over the first decade of life, with one of the dominant changes being a transition from reliance on 'as-needed' control (reactive control) to a more planful, sustained form of control (proactive control). Although the emergence of proactive control is important for mature behavior, we know little about how this…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Change, Cognitive Development, Child Development
Roark, Casey L.; Lescht, Erica; Hampton Wray, Amanda; Chandrasekaran, Bharath – Developmental Psychology, 2023
Categories are fundamental to everyday life and the ability to learn new categories is relevant across the lifespan. Categories are ubiquitous across modalities, supporting complex processes such as object recognition and speech perception. Prior work has proposed that different categories may engage learning systems with unique developmental…
Descriptors: Children, Preadolescents, Adults, Learning Modalities
Heterogeneity in the Development of Executive Function: Evidence from Nationally Representative Data
Reid, Jeanne L.; Ready, Douglas D. – Early Education and Development, 2022
Research Findings: The present study examined patterns of executive function (EF) development among socio-demographically diverse children in kindergarten, first grade, and second grade. Using nationally representative data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study Kindergarten Cohort: 2011, we estimated children's growth in working memory and…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Cognitive Development, Kindergarten, Primary Education
Rennie, Joseph P.; Zhang, Mengya; Hawkins, Erin; Bathelt, Joe; Astle, Duncan E. – Developmental Science, 2020
We used two simple unsupervised machine learning techniques to identify differential trajectories of change in children who undergo intensive working memory (WM) training. We used self-organizing maps (SOMs)--a type of simple artificial neural network--to represent multivariate cognitive training data, and then tested whether the way tasks are…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Teaching Methods, Artificial Intelligence, Cognitive Development
Roberts, Kristin L.; Englund Strait, Julia A.; Decker, Scott L. – Contemporary School Psychology, 2018
Working memory (WM) measures are routinely integrated into comprehensive diagnostic evaluations. However, there is little research regarding the underlying components of WM and their developmental trajectories. The current study examined the developmental trajectories of distinct WM components in a sample of 303 individuals ages 6 through…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Spatial Ability, Verbal Ability, Visual Perception
Goodrich, J. Marc; Koziol, Natalie A.; Yoon, HyeonJin; Leiva, Sergio – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2022
Despite much research examining whether bilingual individuals demonstrate superior executive function (EF) skills compared to monolinguals, the purported bilingual advantage remains controversial. One potential reason for discrepant findings across studies examining the bilingual advantage is the difficulty in matching monolingual and bilingual…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Executive Function, Surveys, Children
Morra, Sergio; Bisagno, Elisa; Caviola, Sara; Delfante, Chiara; Mammarella, Irene Cristina – Cognition and Instruction, 2019
This article reconsiders Case's theory of central conceptual structures (CCS), examining the relation between working memory and the acquisition of quantitative CCS. The lead hypothesis is that the development of working memory capacity shapes the development of quantitative concepts (whole and rational numbers). Study I, with 779 children from…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Concept Formation, Children, Early Adolescents
Download full textHeather Dube; Sarah Sarette – Journal of the American Academy of Special Education Professionals, 2020
Providing the support that children need to build cognitive skills (i.e. working memory and processing speed) has come to the forefront for special educators today. This study investigated how fourth-grade students within an experimental classroom (N=14) and special education students within a small group setting (N=9) improved their working…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Short Term Memory, Child Development, Special Education
Simms, Nina K.; Frausel, Rebecca R.; Richland, Lindsey E. – Grantee Submission, 2018
Analogical reasoning is a fundamental cognitive skill of drawing relationships between representations, often between prior knowledge and new representations, that allows for bootstrapping cognitive and language development (Gentner, 2003). Analogical reasoning proficiency develops substantially during childhood, though the mechanisms underlying…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Predictor Variables, Logical Thinking, Children
Sheppard, Kelly W.; Cheatham, Carol L. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2017
The Electric Maze Task (EMT) is a novel planning task designed to allow flexible testing of planning abilities across a broad age range and to incorporate manipulations to test underlying planning abilities, such as working-memory and inhibitory control skills. The EMT was tested in a group of 63 typically developing 7- to 12-year-olds.…
Descriptors: Planning, Children, Preadolescents, Short Term Memory
