International schools have historically grappled with the fundamental dilemma of providing a high-quality curriculum and qualification supporting international mobility, while promoting a culture of peace and understanding. The internationalist (ideological)-globalist (pragmatic) spectrum of approaches can be applied to understand this dilemma.…

Globalization and its impact on contemporary societies have gained new impetus with the notions of global citizenship education (GCED) and education for sustainable development (ESD), considered, together with civic and citizenship education (CCE), as a means for promoting students' engagement in global/local issues and providing them with the…

This article examines the concept and role of cosmopolitanism in studies that theorize cosmopolitan nationalism (CN) in educational policy. First, it articulates a spectrum of diverse views that can be held under the labels of cosmopolitan, nationalism, and patriotism. Next, it assesses how cosmopolitanism is invoked in educational policy studies…

If global citizenship education (GCE) is to become a pedagogical approach, it must recognize the embedded moral responsibilities contained in its presumptive domains. I propose a theoretical pedagogy that acknowledges the moral dimensions of GCE wherein the process is what matters, not a pre-identification of values that should be accepted as…

Given the growing presence of citizens with cultural differences, it is no longer appropriate to base citizenship on the individual belonging of a nation-state. It has become necessary to develop a new concept of citizenship that considers the existing multiple identities of people. This idea has gradually permeated educational policies on…

In light of recent changes within Norway's teacher education and its perceived global position as a champion of human rights and equality, this exploratory study had two pursuits. First, we put forth a cognitive mapping heuristic for what we refer to as "critical/neoliberal" Global Citizenship Education (GCE), using a semiotic square…

A rear-view mirror approach indicates that citizenship education and adult learning and education (ALE) for lifelong learning have been prominent throughout history, dating back to the League of Nations and continuing through the United Nations and UNESCO. The League of Nations was founded in 1920 after World War I when humanity realized that…

The world has become a space of flow due to globalization resulting from great strides in communication, transport, and the use of social media. This flow has gained impetus due to national borders becoming more permeable, leading to increased migration and social mobility. Apart from all the advantages that this new space might offer, it has…

The advent of global citizenship agendas marks a transformation in citizenship education policy and practice internationally. However, research has revealed a highly diverse collection of visions and models for global citizenship. This article seeks to make two main contributions to the study of global citizenship in education. Empirically, it…

The 17 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) employ a global indicator framework to detail each Goal and monitor its implementation. This article focuses on three targets from the indicator framework, which call for mainstreaming education for "global citizenship," "sustainable development," and "climate…

This article reflects on the double planetary crises of climate impacts and COVID-19 from a study of certain Indigenous perspectives. An early review of the impact of these crises suggests the importance of resilience at the national and regional level to combat these challenges. Value-creating global citizenship education is a pedagogical…

This article attempts to re-evaluate Karl Mannheim's notion of "planning for freedom" within the context of contemporary global citizenship education (GCE). First, it examines Mannheim's distinctions between "planning," "founding," and "administration" and analyses his notion of "principia media."…

In an increasingly globalized world, empathy has been identified as a core competency of future global citizens and thus as an important skill to be fostered in global citizenship education (GCE). Despite this, however, what empathy "is," and "how" it can play the pivotal role often claimed for it in the literature, have not…

This study uses the Aristotelian notion of "phronesis" as a critical lens for examining how global citizenship education is prefigured in the Scottish Curriculum for Excellence. Based on a content analysis of key curriculum documentation, the findings outline the way in which "techne" and "episteme" with their…

This article connects instrumental, emancipatory, and critical approaches to Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) with the different cultural responses or grand narratives of the Anthropocene: eco-modernist, eco-catastrophist, and eco-socialist. The tensions between these different approaches are explained by ESD's reliance on the ideals of…