Section 1983 of the Civil Rights Act of 1871 has been increasingly utilized as a legal avenue by U.S. students with disabilities, particularly concerning remedies not typically awarded under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. The purpose of this legal update is to briefly highlight recent case law in which guardians filed action in…

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the meaning of education for tolerance. To do so, I will take as a starting point the historical and philosophical work by the United Nations, culminating in the "Declaration of Principles of Tolerance" (1995) and the related "Plan of Action" (1995). Second, I will analyze the concrete…

As challenges to U.S. democracy proliferate, public schools have been caught up in the controversies. Columnist Robert Kim explains that the challenges to both public education and democracy are not new. These attacks occur on multiple fronts, involving funding, equity, and curriculum. And efforts to respond to the threats will require various…

Historically, the educational journey for Blacks has chronicled both struggles and progress, dating back to slavery when Blacks were denied educational rights, and now as many face the consequences of the resegregation of schools. The resegregation of schools perpetuates social and racial inequalities, particularly in southern states like…

Education has long stood at the epicenter of the battle for civil rights. Inequitable educational opportunity and achievement gaps persist in the United States in no small part because the nation provides limited protection for education as a civil right at the federal level and uneven protection at the state level. Leaders across the political…

Part of the process of broader research is presented, in which it is necessary to establish a context of comparison between two Latin American nations. They implement educational policies related to human rights and training for social coexistence. It is assumed that the role of international organizations strongly influences the definition of…

It is well-established fact that sexual assault survivors who report the violence they endured are retraumatized by the reporting process, but there is limited research on how these institutional betrayals are enacted. The current study draws on ethnographic observation and interview data to explore how 24 administrators use gendered…

This statement, an expansion and elaboration of the principles of racial and gender equity espoused by the AAUP for more than fifty years, was approved by the Association's Committee A on Academic Freedom and Tenure, the Committee on Gender and Sexuality in the Academic Profession, the Committee on Historically Black Institutions and Scholars of…

Title IX, the federal civil rights law passed in 1972, was a landmark piece of legislation that prohibited sexual discrimination in educational institutions across America. Enforced by the U.S. Department of Education's Office of Civil Rights (OCR), Title IX has helped level the playing field by ensuring that students of all genders receive access…

"Civil Rights and Federal Higher Education" offers a renewed vision for higher education policy making, presenting an incisive analysis of the connections between educational politics and educational inequality. With a view toward the future, the editors assert that the thoughtful application of evidence-based solutions to complex policy…

Title IX Coordinators are responsible for implementing standardized procedures related to each component of Title IX procedures on college and university campuses. The problem this study addressed was the gap in practice regarding the ways colleges and universities implement standardized procedures to ensure equitable due process for involved…

This article reports although much has been communicated about the history of school segregation in Southern states, less is described about the prevailing attempts to establish school segregation in Northern cities and towns. Black-owned and operated newspapers serve as primary sources for the communication of counternarratives that bear witness…

The history of the people, problems, and politics surrounding the establishment of federal special education policy is rich with useful illustrations for advocates and educators. As the 50th anniversary of IDEA approaches, we use a historical perspective to consider how the promise of the law -- to ensure access to a free appropriate public…

The incorporation of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) into Scots law offers an unprecedented opportunity to improve the realisation of the right to education for all children and young people living in Scotland. One feature of such a commitment ought to be clear and comprehensive policies on Human Rights Education…

Career and technical education (also known as vocational education) has been in existence since at least the 19th century as a means of preparing students for employment. However, for much of the 20th century, it also has served to segregate students, even after such segregation was deemed illegal. Robert Kim describes the legal history of career…