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The Representational Instability in the Generalization of Fear Learning
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Kenny Yu; Wolf Vanpaemel; Francis Tuerlinckx; Jonas Zaman – npj Science of Learning, 2024
Perception and perceptual memory play crucial roles in fear generalization, yet their dynamic interaction remains understudied. This research (N = 80) explored their relationship through a classical differential conditioning experiment. Results revealed that while fear context perception fluctuates over time with a drift effect, perceptual memory…
Descriptors: Generalizability Theory, Generalization, Fear, Learning Processes
Peak Shift and Rules in Human Generalization
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Lee, Jessica C.; Hayes, Brett K.; Lovibond, Peter F. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Two experiments tested whether a peak-shifted generalization gradient could be explained by the averaging of distinct gradients displayed in subgroups reporting different generalization rules. Across experiments using a causal judgment task (Experiment 1) and a fear conditioning paradigm (Experiment 2), we found a close concordance between…
Descriptors: Generalization, Associative Learning, Discrimination Learning, Learning Theories
Timing and Cue Competition in Conditioning of the Nictitating Membrane Response of the Rabbit ("Oryctolagus Cuniculus")
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Kehoe, E. James; Ludvig, Elliot A.; Sutton, Richard S. – Learning & Memory, 2013
Rabbits were classically conditioned using compounds of tone and light conditioned stimuli (CSs) presented with either simultaneous onsets (Experiment 1) or serial onsets (Experiment 2) in a delay conditioning paradigm. Training with the simultaneous compound reduced the likelihood of a conditioned response (CR) to the individual CSs ("mutual…
Descriptors: Animals, Classical Conditioning, Brain, Responses
Effects of Recent Exposure to a Conditioned Stimulus on Extinction of Pavlovian Fear Conditioning
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Chan, Wan Yee Macy; Leung, Hiu T.; Westbrook, R. Frederick; McNally, Gavan P. – Learning & Memory, 2010
In six experiments we studied the effects of a single re-exposure to a conditioned stimulus (CS; "retrieval trial") prior to extinction training (extinction-reconsolidation boundary) on the development of and recovery from fear extinction. A single retrieval trial prior to extinction training significantly augmented the renewal and reinstatement…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Learning Processes, Context Effect, Classical Conditioning
Retardation and Summation Tests after Extinction: The Role of Familiarity and Generalization Decrement
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Lopez, Matias; Cantora, Raul; Aguado, Luis – Psicologica: International Journal of Methodology and Experimental Psychology, 2004
In four conditioned taste aversion experiments with rats as subjects, the effects of extinguished or pre-exposed flavors on retardation and summation tests was compared. Experiment 1 showed that when steps were taken to ensure similar exposure to the target flavor in all conditions, acquisition after pre-exposure and reacquisition after extinction…
Descriptors: Animals, Learning Processes, Experiments, Comparative Analysis
Context and Behavioral Processes in Extinction
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Bouton, Mark E. – Learning & Memory, 2004
This article provides a selective review and integration of the behavioral literature on Pavlovian extinction. The first part reviews evidence that extinction does not destroy the original learning, but instead generates new learning that is especially context-dependent. The second part examines insights provided by research on several related…
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Expectation, Inhibition, Generalization