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Direct linkLany, Jill; Thompson, Abbie; Aguero, Ariel – Developmental Psychology, 2022
Words influence cognition well before infants know their meanings. For example, three-month-olds are more likely to form visually based categories when exemplars are paired with spoken words than with sine-wave tones, a likely precursor to learning symbolic relations between words and their referents. However, it is unclear why words have these…
Descriptors: Infants, Naming, Nonverbal Communication, Classification
Lipman, Corey; Williams, Amanda; Kawakami, Kerry; Steele, Jennifer R. – Developmental Psychology, 2021
Across three studies, we examined non-Black children's spontaneous associations with targets who differed by both race and emotional expression. Children aged 5 to 10 years (N = 419; 215 girls; 58% White; 65% of household incomes >$75,000/year) completed Implicit Association Tests (IAT; Greenwald et al., 2003) containing smiling Black and…
Descriptors: Association (Psychology), Children, Race, Affective Behavior
Muradoglu, Melis; Marchak, Kristan A.; Gelman, Susan A.; Cimpian, Andrei – Developmental Psychology, 2022
In certain domains, people represent some of an individual's properties (e.g., a tiger's ferocity), but not others (e.g., a tiger's being in the zoo), as stemming from the assumed "essence" of the individual's category. How do children identify which properties of an individual are essentialized and which are not? Here, we examine…
Descriptors: Animals, Social Structure, Classification, Preschool Children
Leher Singh; Mihaela D. Barokova; Heidi A. Baumgartner; Diana C. Lopera-Perez; Paul Okyere Omane; Mark Sheskin; Francis L. Yuen; Yang Wu; Katherine J. Alcock; Elena C. Altmann; Marina Bazhydai; Alexandra Carstensen; Kin Chung Jacky Chan; Hu Chuan-Peng; Rodrigo Dal Ben; Laura Franchin; Jessica E. Kosie; Casey Lew-Williams; Asana Okocha; Tilman Reinelt; Tobias Schuwerk; Melanie Soderstrom; Angeline S. M. Tsui; Michael C. Frank – Developmental Psychology, 2024
Culture is a key determinant of children's development both in its own right and as a measure of generalizability of developmental phenomena. Studying the role of culture in development requires information about participants' demographic backgrounds. However, both reporting and treatment of demographic data are limited and inconsistent in child…
Descriptors: Data Collection, Young Children, Demography, Cultural Traits
Mari, Magali A.; Clément, Fabrice; Paulus, Markus – Developmental Psychology, 2023
The psychological mechanisms that subserve inductions about novel social categories in childhood are hotly debated. While research demonstrated that language, and in particular generic statements, plays a major role in how children learn to attribute properties to social categories, developmental theories propose other mechanisms. One theoretical…
Descriptors: Labeling (of Persons), Classification, Children, Childrens Attitudes
DeBolt, Michaela C.; Mitsven, Samantha G.; Pomaranski, Katherine I.; Cantrell, Lisa M.; Luck, Steven J.; Oakes, Lisa M. – Developmental Psychology, 2023
We tested 6- and 8-month-old White and non-White infants (N = 53 total, 28 girls) from Northern California in a visual search task to determine whether a unique item in an otherwise homogeneous display (a singleton) attracts attention because it is a unique singleton and "pops out" in a categorical manner, or whether attention instead…
Descriptors: Infant Behavior, Visual Stimuli, Attention Control, Whites
Price, Gwendolyn F.; Ogren, Marissa; Sandhofer, Catherine M. – Developmental Psychology, 2022
The ability to categorize emotions has long-term implications for children's social and emotional development. Therefore, identifying factors that influence early emotion categorization is of great importance. Yet, whether and how language impacts emotion category development is still widely debated. The present study aimed to assess how labels…
Descriptors: Psychological Patterns, Labeling (of Persons), Classification, Preschool Children
Noyes, Alexander; Dunham, Yarrow; Keil, Frank C. – Developmental Psychology, 2023
We systematically compared beliefs about animal (e.g., "lion"), artifactual (e.g., "hammer"), and institutional (e.g., "police officer") categories, aiming to identify whether people draw different inferences about which categories are subjective and which are socially constituted. We conducted two studies with 270…
Descriptors: Animals, Preschool Children, Children, Child Development
D'Arms, Justin; Samuels, Richard – Developmental Psychology, 2019
Emotion development research centrally concerns capacities to produce emotions and to think about them. We distinguish these enterprises and consider a novel account of how they might be related. On one recent account, the capacity to have emotions of various kinds comes by way of the acquisition of emotion concepts. This account relies on a…
Descriptors: Emotional Development, Concept Formation, Constructivism (Learning), Classification
Pauen, Sabina; Peykarjou, Stefanie – Developmental Psychology, 2023
This study explores how 7-month-old infants categorize graphical images varying in basic perceptual features by using a fast periodic visual stimulation (FPVS) task. Most participants were Caucasian and their parents had a higher education, but the family's socioeconomic background was mixed. Experiment 1 (N = 23) tested brain responses to…
Descriptors: Infants, Classification, Comparative Analysis, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Noyes, Alexander; Dunham, Yarrow; Keil, Frank C. – Developmental Psychology, 2020
When faced with entities with potentially ambiguous category membership, adult category judgments are strongly biased toward dangerous and distinctive properties. For example, a cyanide-water mixture is categorized as cyanide. We used a developmental approach to better understand this cross-domain effect, which we term the asymmetric…
Descriptors: Bias, Classification, Evaluative Thinking, Attention
Angela M. AuBuchon; Rebecca L. Wagner; Margaret Sackinsky – Developmental Psychology, 2024
Rehearsal is a form of self-talk used to support short-term memory. Historically, the study of rehearsal development has diverged from the study of self-talk more generally. The current experiment examines whether two characteristics of self-talk (impact of task difficulty and self-talk's narrative vs. planning purpose) are also observed in…
Descriptors: Inner Speech (Subvocal), Task Analysis, Difficulty Level, Word Lists
Blanco, Nathaniel J.; Sloutsky, Vladimir M. – Developmental Psychology, 2019
Previous research has shown that when learning categories, adults and young children allocate attention differently. Adults tend to attend selectively, focusing primarily on the most relevant information, whereas young children tend to distribute their attention broadly. Although selective attention is useful in many situations, it also has costs.…
Descriptors: Young Children, Adults, Attention, Classification
Switzer, Jessica L.; San Juan, Valerie; Graham, Susan A. – Developmental Psychology, 2020
A core question in social categorization research focuses on how children organize social categories. We examined whether 4- and 5-year-olds: (a) identify the social category membership of a person based on relational interactions between that person and a known category member; and (b) use these social categories to guide inferences about certain…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Interaction, Classification, Helping Relationship
Roark, Casey L.; Lescht, Erica; Hampton Wray, Amanda; Chandrasekaran, Bharath – Developmental Psychology, 2023
Categories are fundamental to everyday life and the ability to learn new categories is relevant across the lifespan. Categories are ubiquitous across modalities, supporting complex processes such as object recognition and speech perception. Prior work has proposed that different categories may engage learning systems with unique developmental…
Descriptors: Children, Preadolescents, Adults, Learning Modalities
