Teaching young students to think critically has always been important, however, as the United States transitions to a national set of learning standards which emphasizes higher-order thinking, it becomes essential. In this quasi-experimental study we evaluate the effects of exposure to the Journeys and Destinations (J&D) unit from the William…

A widely cited meta-analysis of the effects of comprehensive school reform and student achievement (Borman, Hewes, Overman, and Brown, 2003) found Modern Red Schoolhouse-developed whole-school intervention programs to boost student achievement outcomes at rates on par with or higher than other comprehensive school reforms such as "America's…

This article presents a mathematical algorithm that relates student achievement with directly observable, quantifiable teacher and student behaviors, producing a modified form of the Walberg model. The algorithm (1) expands the measurable factors that comprise the quality of instruction in a linear basis of research-based teaching components and…

It is suggested that the low reliability of five low-inference and two high-inference classroom observation systems are due not to lack of agreement among rates, but to apparent variation in teacher behavior across occasions. (Author/MJB)

Analyzes six paradigms used in research on teacher effectiveness: (1) process-anecdotal; (2) process-systematic; (3) process-product; (4) experimental; (5) process-process; and (6) process-process-product. Recommends that paradigms coexist since all are based on direct observation of classroom behavior, and each represents a different,…

A pilot study showed that classroom observational data can contribute to the formative evaluation of an instructional model, as well as of the learning processes and outcomes of individual students. (JY)

A study was designed 1) to develop and test a conceptual model for viewing teacher-pupil communicative relationships in the classroom, 2) to determine if systematic observations of teacher behavior are useful in analyzing communication events, and 3) to determine if data on teacher nonverbal and verbal behavior are more useful than on verbal…

This paper holds that the "supervisory" function should be basically one of teaching teachers rather than evaluation of teaching styles, with the consultant on teaching guiding a teacher in the systematic analysis and modification of his teaching performance through a systematic decisionmaking process. In the first half of this paper supervisory…

An epistemological interpretation of the Campbell and Fiske model is offered to show its usefulness in validating classroom observation instruments. This interpretation is used to critique a recent validation study and is then applied to the problem of validating the construct "View of Science", using a classroom observation instrument.…

The procedure used in this study to validate the behavioral categories was found to be a useful method for examining the validity of all classroom observation systems. (Author/DEP)

A two-level model was formulated for the evaluation projects engaged in staff development in the Memphis elementary schools. The model takes into account that such projects are responsible for direct outcome in terms of teacher behavior, and indirect outcome in terms of pupil behavior. The two-level model provides an opportunity for assessing the…

Classroom observation is an integral part of teacher preparation. The observer must enter the classroom with a frame-of-reference: knowledge of the teacher's goals and objectives, awareness of the climate of the classroom, and knowledge of the discipline. Observation forms to objectively record classroom interaction, assess the learning climate,…

The Social Science Observation Record (SSOR) is an interaction analysis-systematic observation scheme enabling users to engage in interaction analysis as a descriptive record. Pilot studies suggest that the knowledge of the system enables pre-service social studies teachers (using microteaching simulation) to modify their own behavior in…

Phase 1 has been completed of a five-phase project to develop a model of teacher role behavior in individualized classrooms, to develop teacher training courses (including workshops) for behaviors specified by the role model, and to train teachers (inservice and/or preservice) to fulfill the role provided by the model. The classroom management…

Prompting of reading errors is a common pattern of teaching behavior occurring in reading groups. Teachers' tactics in responding to pupil errors during oral reading in public school classrooms were analyzed with the assistance of the technology of the Computer Assisted Teacher Training System (CATTS) to formulate hypotheses about teacher decision…