A test battery was developed to measure teachers' multiple attention and vigilance skills. These are believed to be related to successful classroom management. Measurements were compared with observed teacher management behavior. (RB)

Effects of cooperative and individualistic instruction on interpersonal attraction between handicapped and nonhandicapped students were compared. Results indicated cooperative learning experiences promote more cross-handicapped interaction during instruction, more cross-handicap friendships, and more cross-handicap interaction during…

An investigation of the effect of social power (defined in terms of instructors' manipulation of resources and students' dependence) revealed that the instructors' style of resource manipulation was significantly correlated with graduate students' mood and morale. Findings demonstrate the importance of social power for understanding classroom…

Observations on the American educational research scene are provided by a scholar from India. Various aspects of American research such as the quantitative approach, the operational manipulation of abstract concepts, decision-making, classroom practices, and the need for cross-cultural studies are discussed. (NE)

An in-depth analysis is presented of four secondary social studies departments that have made structural changes in school organization while promoting higher order thinking. In these departments, certain organizational structures, combined with clear curricular emphases, appear to be associated with higher levels of classroom thoughtfulness. (SLD)

With an example of OScAR 5V records from four seventh-grade classrooms, this article illustrates the fact that conclusions in any study depend on decision-making processes. Careful examination of the decision-making process is suggested since resulting judgments and implications are rarely scrutinized. (CK)

Data collected on 25 ways teachers interact with first-grade students participating in reading groups within intact classrooms were analyzed with class mean analyses and two types of within-class analyses. A large number of statistically significant relationships occurred only at the student-within-reading-group level. (Author/GK)

This study examined the effect of the ratio of high-aptitude to low-aptitude students in a classroom upon mathematics achievement. The hypothesis tested was that both high- and low-aptitude students in "more favorable" classrooms would outperform similar students in "less favorable" classrooms. (Author/GK)

Using a stimulated recall technique, the reports of cognitive processes during teaching of twelve experienced junior high school teachers were recorded in an experimental setting and analyzed. Reports were related to teachers' cognitive style and ability. (Author/JKS)

The generalizability theory approach to the estimation of reliability is outlined, and a design is developed in which systematic variations in behavior over differing situations are separated from random fluctuation. Three coefficients of reliability are proposed. (CK)

The consequences of using alternative measures of time and achievement are examined in an observational study of 18 elementary school classes. The extent to which choice of the same model linking time and learning for all students was implicated in the inconsistent results is examined. (Author/GK)

Development of a student learning model, based on the analysis of 14 students' classroom experiences in 3 elementary and middle school studies, is described. Data analysis rules derived from the model predicted learning with 80-85% success across the studies. (SLD)

This study examined classroom behavior of 393 pupils in 26 educable mentally retarded classrooms in regard to differential effects of having approximately 12, 15, and 19 pupils per classroom. Several effects were found in attention and communication, but relatively few were found in disruptive behavior. (Author/BS)

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of a learning game, of student teams, and of the games-teams combination on classroom processes. (Author)