The purpose of this study was to identify how effective teachers manage productive groups in elementary grade classrooms. Multiple instrumental case study methods were used to document the managerial actions of selected teachers who made extensive use of cooperative learning (CL) activities. Four teachers in three elementary grade classrooms (two…

This guide provides a framework for creating and using learning centers to meet specific classroom goals, and presents ideas for topics and activities. The first part of the guide: (1) explains what learning centers are and how they are used within classrooms; (2) provides design options for the classroom; (3) suggests ways in which to schedule…

Full school days of first and second grades were observed in three inner city schools with primarily minority enrollments. Detailed logs were recorded of activities in terms of subject area, grouping setting, and presence or absence of teacher or aide supervision. The base data and their summaries with respect to pupil and teacher time are…