Sees need for research examining differences among psychotherapy treatments to use model to narrow search for variables mediating between treatment type and outcome. Asserts that tests of treatment selection models that cut across narrow theoretical differences among psychotherapies and that operationalize definitions of patient types hold promise…

Applies typology to counseling research that lends understanding to role that client-counselor similarity and difference may play in facilitating counseling effects. Asserts that considering this model in relation to existent research illustrates the value of such a typology both for defining relevant cultural differences and for understanding…

Responds to earlier article by Sexton and Whiston (1994) on counseling relationship. Commends Sexton and Whiston's decision to use Gelso and Carter's multidimensional model to guide research review. Asserts, however, that weaknesses exist in operations used to define real, unreal, and working alliance components. Questions both definitions of…

Compared group cognitive therapy (CT); focused expressive psychotherapy; and supportive, self-directed therapy (S/SD) among 63 patients with major depressive disorder. Results suggest that patient characteristics can be used differentially to assign psychotherapy types. Externalizing patients and low defensive patients improved more in CT;…