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Direct linkSharon Vaughn; Jeremy Miciak; Nathan Clemens; Jack M. Fletcher – Grantee Submission, 2024
We address defining and identifying students with dyslexia within the context of multi-tier systems of support (MTSS). We review proposed definitions of dyslexia, evidence for proposed definitional attributes, and emphasize the role of response to intervention in identifying students with dyslexia. We identify dyslexia as individuals with specific…
Descriptors: Dyslexia, Definitions, Revision (Written Composition), Multi Tiered Systems of Support
Sharon Vaughn; Jeremy Miciak; Nathan Clemens; Jack M. Fletcher – Annals of Dyslexia, 2024
We address defining and identifying students with dyslexia within the context of multi-tier systems of support (MTSS). We review proposed definitions of dyslexia, evidence for proposed definitional attributes, and emphasize the role of instructional response in identifying students with dyslexia. We identify dyslexia as individuals with specific…
Descriptors: Dyslexia, Definitions, Revision (Written Composition), Multi Tiered Systems of Support
Shawntel Tanner; Yu-Chang Hsu – TechTrends: Linking Research and Practice to Improve Learning, 2025
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) includes a multitude of symptoms and can be difficult to diagnose due to a variety of international definitions. Research identifies different viewpoints on diagnosis and treatment including medical, psychological, and sociocultural views. Some research suggests ADHD is a social construct and is…
Descriptors: Educational Policy, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Educational Technology, Policy Formation
Download full textMorse, Mary T. – Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 2017
Cerebral or cortical visual impairment (CVI) is not the unknown condition it was 50 years ago. Although research had been conducted and papers published, it was not until the 1980s that it really became an issue of concern and much debate for educators. This interest was primarily sparked by the increasing numbers of children who had been…
Descriptors: Visual Impairments, Eligibility, Related Services (Special Education), Definitions
Westreich, Eric – ProQuest LLC, 2013
While special education law has been amended several times since the statutory definition of a Specific Learning Disability (SLD) was created in 1968, there continues to be ambiguity within the field regarding the definition as well as the diagnostic criteria. This inevitably leads to a lack of consistency in diagnosis within states and among…
Descriptors: Special Education, Learning Disabilities, Disability Identification, Definitions
Buttner, Gerhard; Hasselhorn, Marcus – International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 2011
Students with difficulties in specific cognitive processes and academic achievement with otherwise normal levels of intellectual functioning are classified as having a learning disability (LD). In spite of extensive recent research in a number of disciplines, controversial debate continues with regard to several issues. To reconcile some of them…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Disability Identification, Cognitive Processes, Definitions
Hsiao, Yun-Ju – Intervention in School and Clinic, 2011
In East Asia, Taiwan is one of only a few countries that has a clear definition of learning disabilities (LD) as well as operational criteria for the identification of LD. In Taiwan, special education services for students with LD are mandated in the Special Education Act of 1984. According to the official statistics from the Taiwanese Special…
Descriptors: Elementary Secondary Education, Learning Disabilities, Foreign Countries, Special Education
National Dissemination Center for Children with Disabilities, 2011
"Intellectual disability" is a term used when a person has certain limitations in mental functioning and in skills such as communicating, taking care of him or herself, and social skills. These limitations will cause a child to learn and develop more slowly than a typical child. Following a brief story about a child with an intellectual…
Descriptors: Intellectual Disability, Definitions, Etiology, Incidence
Schalock, Robert L.; Borthwick-Duffy, Sharon A.; Bradley, Valerie J.; Buntinx, Wil H. E.; Coulter, David L.; Craig, Ellis M.; Gomez, Sharon C.; Lachapelle, Yves; Luckasson, Ruth; Reeve, Alya; Shogren, Karrie A.; Snell, Martha E.; Spreat, Scott; Tasse, Marc J.; Thompson, James R.; Verdugo-Alonso, Miguel A.; Wehmeyer, Michael L.; Yeager, Mark H. – American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2010
This Manual contains the most current and authoritative information and knowledge on intellectual disability, including best practice guidelines on diagnosing and classifying intellectual disability and developing a system of supports for people living with an intellectual disability. Written by a committee of 18 experts, "Intellectual…
Descriptors: Mental Retardation, Developmental Disabilities, Classification, Definitions
Peer reviewedEaves, Ronald C. – Journal of Special Education, 1982
The underlying reasons for muddled definitions of emotional disturbance and their resultant befuddled diagnostic processes are discussed in terms of four factors: (1) the impact of theory, (2) societal diversity, (3) benchmarks for decision making, and (4) instrumentation. The author presents a method for diagnosis that is practical, functional,…
Descriptors: Clinical Diagnosis, Definitions, Disability Identification, Elementary Secondary Education
Peer reviewedMcLeod, John – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 1983
The author suggests that controversies over defining learning disabilities (LD) have resulted from confusion between diagnosis and definition and from disagreement over the discrepancy issue. He further suggests that LD students are a subset of age- and ability-referenced underachievers. (CL)
Descriptors: Clinical Diagnosis, Definitions, Disability Identification, Elementary Secondary Education
Peer reviewedFrankenberger, William – Mental Retardation, 1984
Results of a survey of state departments of public instruction regarding criteria for diagnosis of mental reardation within public schools are reported. States varied widely in their definitions and procedures. Many states deviated from AAMD (American Association on Mental Deficiency) guidelines even though AAMD guidelines are included in federal…
Descriptors: Clinical Diagnosis, Definitions, Disability Identification, Elementary Secondary Education
Peer reviewedMazzocco, Michele M. M.; Pulsifer, Margaret; Fiumara, Agata; Cocuzza, M.; Nigro, F.; Incorpora, G.; Barone, R. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1998
A study of 14 males with fragile X syndrome, 12 females with Rett Syndrome, and 25 individuals with other developmental disorders found that among those with fragile X syndrome, none of the 11 who did not have a diagnosis of autism met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) criteria for pervasive developmental disorder.…
Descriptors: Adults, Children, Clinical Diagnosis, Definitions
Peer reviewedKamhi, Alan G. – Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 1998
Discusses what children with developmental language disorders should be called, how they should be defined, and how we might differentiate children with specific language impairments from other children with developmental language disorders. The lack of congruence between clinical and research constructs is discussed. (Author/CR)
Descriptors: Children, Classification, Clinical Diagnosis, Definitions
Peer reviewedSpagna, Michael E. – Remedial and Special Education, 1998
Discusses the definition of dyslexia, reintroduces the concept of marker variables, proposes a strategy for developing an updated marker variable system, presents a preliminary working set of dyslexia marker variables, and calls for eventual adoption of this or similar marker variable systems to facilitate future research efforts. (Author/CR)
Descriptors: Adults, Children, Classification, Clinical Diagnosis
