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Cunningham, James W.; Hiebert, Elfrieda H.; Mesmer, Heidi Anne – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2018
In recent years, readability formulas have gained new prominence as a basis for selecting texts for learning and assessment. Variables that quantitative tools count (e.g., word frequency, sentence length) provide valid measures of text complexity insofar as they accurately predict representative and high-quality criteria. The longstanding…
Descriptors: Readability, Readability Formulas, Evaluation Methods, Correlation
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Cunningham, James W.; Tierney, Robert J. – Journal of Reading Behavior, 1979
Reports on an examination of three types of cloze tests developed from a fiction and a nonfiction passage to see if such tests showed promise for use in a pre/posttesting paradigm for investigating the acquisition of information from texts by reading. (Author/HOD)
Descriptors: Cloze Procedure, Reading Comprehension, Reading Research, Reading Tests
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Cunningham, James W. – Reading Teacher, 1979
Describes four teaching techniques which help poor readers experience decoding automatically. (MKM)
Descriptors: Cloze Procedure, Decoding (Reading), Elementary Education, Reading Rate
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Cunningham, James W.; Cunningham, Patricia M. – Journal of Reading Behavior, 1978
Using logical evidence and data obtained from two studies, the authors compared and contrasted the limited-cloze with the regular cloze on five criteria: validity, reliability, objectivity, practicality, and interpretability. (HOD)
Descriptors: Cloze Procedure, Content Area Reading, Grade 7, Reading Research
Cunningham, James W.; Tierney, Robert J. – 1977
This study compares the validity of three cloze procedures (traditional, limited, and least-major-constituent limited) when reading comprehension is defined as cognitive change. Over 400 seventh and eighth graders from public schools in North Carolina and Arizona were randomly assigned to one of the three cloze formats for either fiction or…
Descriptors: Cloze Procedure, Cognitive Processes, Comparative Analysis, Grade 7