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Direct linkGollan, Tamar H.; Ferreira, Victor S. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2009
Bilinguals spontaneously switch languages in conversation even though laboratory studies reveal robust cued language switching costs. The authors investigated how voluntary-switching costs might differ when switches are voluntary. Younger (Experiments 1-2) and older (Experiment 3) Spanish-English bilinguals named pictures in 3 conditions: (a)…
Descriptors: Language Dominance, Older Adults, Bilingualism, Code Switching (Language)
Rhodes, Nancy C. – 1979
This study analyzes the language attitudes of the Paraguayan people toward their two languages, Guarani and Spanish. To study the bilingual situation in the South American country, a pilot survey was carried out in the capital city addressing the major topics of language attitudes, language usage, and language varieties. The goals of the survey…
Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Bilingualism, Code Switching (Language), Cognitive Processes
