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Direct linkMcMorris, Terry; Hale, Beverley J. – Brain and Cognition, 2012
The primary purpose of this study was to examine, using meta-analytical techniques, the differential effects of differing intensities of acute exercise on speed and accuracy of cognition. Overall, exercise demonstrated a small, significant mean effect size (g = 0.14, p less than 0.01) on cognition. Examination of the comparison between speed and…
Descriptors: Exercise Physiology, Effect Size, Cognitive Ability, Meta Analysis
de Fockert, Jan W.; Theeuwes, Jan – Brain and Cognition, 2012
The role of frontal cortex in selective attention to visual distractors was examined in an attentional capture task in which participants searched for a unique shape in the presence or absence of an additional colour singleton distractor. The presence of the additional singleton was associated with slower behavioural responses to the shape target,…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Short Term Memory, Role, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Tharp, Ian J.; Pickering, Alan D. – Brain and Cognition, 2011
Individual differences in psychophysiological function have been shown to influence the balance between flexibility and distractibility during attentional set-shifting [e.g., Dreisbach et al. (2005). Dopamine and cognitive control: The influence of spontaneous eyeblink rate and dopamine gene polymorphisms on perseveration and distractibility.…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Short Term Memory, Cognitive Ability, Eye Movements
Helton, William S.; Hayrynen, Lauren; Schaeffer, David – Brain and Cognition, 2009
Vision researchers have investigated the differences between global and local feature perception. No one has, however, examined the role of global and local feature discrimination in sustained attention tasks. In this experiment participants performed a sustained attention task requiring either global or local letter target discriminations or…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Attention Control, Task Analysis, Human Body
Aue, William R.; Arruda, James E.; Kass, Steven J.; Stanny, Claudia J. – Brain and Cognition, 2009
Biological rhythms play a prominent role in the modulation of human physiology and behavior. [Smith, K., Valentino, D., & Arruda, J. (2003). "Rhythmic oscillations in the performance of a sustained attention task." "Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology," 25, 561-570] suggested that sustained human performance may systematically…
Descriptors: Physiology, Neuropsychology, Biology, Role
Dreisbach, Gesine – Brain and Cognition, 2006
Adaptive action in a constantly changing environment requires the ability to maintain intentions and goals over time and to flexibly switch between these goals in response to significant changes. Dreisbach and Goschke (2004) argued that positive affect modulates these antagonistic control demands in favor of a more flexible but also more…
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Cognitive Ability, Goal Orientation, Positive Reinforcement
