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Showing 1 to 15 of 193 results Save | Export
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Mollie Hamilton; Tessyia Roper; Erik Blaser; Zsuzsa Kaldy – Developmental Psychology, 2024
Proactive interference (PI) occurs when previously learned memories compete with currently relevant information. Despite extensive literature investigating the effect in adults, little work has been done in young children. In three preregistered studies (N = 38, 35, 172; convenience samples from the Northeastern United States), first, we showed…
Descriptors: Interference (Learning), Cognitive Ability, Recall (Psychology), Retention (Psychology)
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Catharina Tibken; Tobias Richter; Wienke Wannagat – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2024
Purpose: To understand complex expository text, readers often engage in metacognitive comprehension monitoring. Metacognitive monitoring is assumed to rely on basic cognitive abilities (working memory updating, short-term memory, verbal intelligence). These abilities decrease in later adulthood. We thus compared younger and older adults in their…
Descriptors: Metacognition, Cognitive Ability, Performance, Age Differences
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Kirsten Abbot-Smith; Danielle Matthews; Colin Bannard; Joshua Nice; Louise Malkin; David Williams; William Hobson – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2025
Keeping a conversation going is the social glue of friendships. The DSM criteria for autism list difficulties with back-and-forth conversation but does not necessitate that all autistic children will be equally impacted. We carried out three studies (two pre-registered) with verbally fluent school children (age 5-9 years) to investigate how…
Descriptors: Interpersonal Communication, Communication Skills, Cognitive Ability, Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Fan, Lu; Lim, HanNa – Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 2022
This study used the 2017 National Financial Well-Being Survey to investigate the relationship between cognitive ability and seeking financial advice. Three aspects of cognitive ability were examined: memory, objective numeracy, and subjective numeracy. The results showed that in general, the three were not associated with seeking financial advice.…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Memory, Numeracy, Age Differences
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Maria Kaltsa; Despina Papadopoulou – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2024
The aim of the study is to examine the effect of sentential context on lexical ambiguity resolution in Greek adults and typically developing children. Context and word frequency are factors that can affect lexical processing, however, the role of them has not been thoroughly examined in Greek. To this aim, we assessed sentence context effects in…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Adults, Children, Language Processing
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Jia-Richards, Meilin; Sexton, Jennifer N.; Dolan, Sara L. – Journal of American College Health, 2023
Objective: The current study examined the association between subjective and objective cognitive measures and alcohol use in college students. Objective cognitive impairment is associated with alcohol use, however subjective cognitive impairment remains understudied in at-risk populations. Participants: Data were collected from 140 undergraduate…
Descriptors: Drinking, Undergraduate Students, Correlation, Predictor Variables
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Heyselaar, Evelien; Wheeldon, Linda; Segaert, Katrien – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
Structural priming is the tendency to repeat syntactic structure across sentences and can be divided into short-term (prime to immediately following target) and long-term (across an experimental session) components. This study investigates how nondeclarative memory could support both the transient, short-term and the persistent, long-term…
Descriptors: Priming, Memory, Short Term Memory, Perception
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Heyselaar, Evelien; Segaert, Katrien – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
Implicit learning theories suggest that we update syntactic knowledge based on prior experience (e.g., Chang et al., 2006). To determine the limits of the extent to which implicit learning can influence syntactic processing, we investigated whether structural priming effects persist up to 1 month postexposure, and whether they persist less long in…
Descriptors: Young Adults, Older Adults, Age Differences, Syntax
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Dosi, Ifigeneia; Gavriilidou, Zoe – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2020
This study (a) examines the role of cognitive abilities, age and vocabulary in the development of definitions and (b) compares the development of definitions (in content and form) in children with and without Developmental Language Disorder (DLD). Definitions have been extensively studied in (non-)impaired populations. So far, no studies have…
Descriptors: Children, Language Impairments, Developmental Disabilities, Definitions
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Fechner, Hanna B.; Pachur, Thorsten; Schooler, Lael J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
Older adults often face decline in cognitive resources. How does this impact their decision making--especially under high cognitive demands from concurrent activities? Do older adults' decision processes uniformly decline with increasing mental strain relative to younger adults, or do they compensate for decline by strategically reallocating…
Descriptors: Older Adults, Aging (Individuals), Decision Making, Cognitive Ability
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Nelson, Timothy D.; James, Tiffany D.; Nelson, Jennifer Mize; Tomaso, Cara C.; Espy, Kimberly Andrews – Developmental Psychology, 2022
This study examined the factor structure of executive control throughout elementary school, as well as associations between executive control abilities in preschool and elementary school. Data were drawn from a longitudinal study of executive control development in a community sample of children (N = 294; 53% female, 47% male) oversampled for low…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Elementary School Students, Preschool Children, Predictor Variables
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Troller-Renfree, Sonya V.; Buzzell, George A.; Fox, Nathan A. – Developmental Science, 2020
Cognitive control develops rapidly over the first decade of life, with one of the dominant changes being a transition from reliance on 'as-needed' control (reactive control) to a more planful, sustained form of control (proactive control). Although the emergence of proactive control is important for mature behavior, we know little about how this…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Change, Cognitive Development, Child Development
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Carretti, Barbara; Giofrè, David; Toffalini, Enrico; Cornoldi, Cesare; Pastore, Massimiliano; Lanfranchi, Silvia – Developmental Psychology, 2022
Several models of working memory (WM) have been proposed in the literature. Most of the research on the architecture of WM is based on adults or older children, but less is known about younger children. In this study, we tested various models of WM on a sample of 739 Italian children, ranging in age from 3 to 8 years, primarily of European…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Foreign Countries, Young Children, Age Differences
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Anstey, Kaarin J.; Ehrenfeld, Lauren; Mortby, Moyra E.; Cherbuin, Nicolas; Peters, Ruth; Kiely, Kim M.; Eramudugolla, Ranmalee; Huque, Md Hamidul – Developmental Psychology, 2021
Understanding gender differences in human cognitive development may contribute to understanding the gender differences in outcomes in cognitive ageing. However, evaluation of this topic has been hindered by a lack of representative, longitudinal data from different aged cohorts measured on the same cognitive tests. Gender differences in cognitive…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Ability, Adults
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Tibken, Catharina; Richter, Tobias; Wannagat, Wienke; Schmiedeler, Sandra; von der Linden, Nicole; Schneider, Wolfgang – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2022
The inconsistency task is used to measure metacognitive monitoring in text comprehension via online (reading time) and offline measures (number of detected inconsistencies). Few studies have examined stability in task performance and interindividual differences. We addressed these issues with adolescents (N = 341) in Grades 6/7 (Mage =…
Descriptors: Grade 6, Grade 7, Grade 8, Grade 9
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