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Direct linkStiver, Mikaela L.; Jacklin, Derek L.; Mitchnick, Krista A.; Vicic, Nevena; Carlin, Justine; O'Hara, Matthew; Winters, Boyer D. – Learning & Memory, 2015
Consolidated memories can become destabilized and open to modification upon retrieval. Destabilization is most reliably prompted when novel information is present during memory reactivation. We hypothesized that the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) plays an important role in novelty-induced memory destabilization because of its established…
Descriptors: Memory, Animals, Recognition (Psychology), Mnemonics
Roschlau, Corinna; Votteler, Angeline; Hauber, Wolfgang – Learning & Memory, 2016
Here we tested in rats effects of the procognitive drugs modafinil and methylphenidate on post-acquisition performance in an object-location paired-associates learning (PAL) task. Modafinil (32; 64 mg/kg) was without effect, while higher (9 mg/kg) but not lower (4.5 mg/kg) doses of methylphenidate impaired PAL performance. Likewise, higher but not…
Descriptors: Animals, Animal Behavior, Drug Use, Memory
Smith, M. Elizabeth; Farah, Martha J. – Psychological Bulletin, 2011
Use of prescription stimulants by normal healthy individuals to enhance cognition is said to be on the rise. Who is using these medications for cognitive enhancement, and how prevalent is this practice? Do prescription stimulants in fact enhance cognition for normal healthy people? We review the epidemiological and cognitive neuroscience…
Descriptors: Evidence, Stimulants, Incidence, Epidemiology
Hanson, Karen L.; Medina, Krista Lisdahl; Padula, Claudia B.; Tapert, Susan F.; Brown, Sandra A. – Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse, 2011
Because of ongoing neuromaturation, youth with chronic alcohol/substance use disorders (AUD/SUD) are at risk for cognitive decrements during young adulthood. We prospectively examined cognition over 10 years based on AUD/SUD history. Youth (N = 51) with no AUD/SUD history (n = 14), persisting AUD/SUD (n = 18), or remitted AUD/SUD (n = 19) were…
Descriptors: Visual Learning, Verbal Learning, Drug Use, Drinking
DeSantis, Alan; Noar, Seth M.; Webb, Elizabeth M. – Journal of Drug Education, 2010
Qualitative methods were used to investigate the use of nonmedical Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) stimulants by fraternity members. The primary goal of the study was to determine students' levels of understanding and motivations for use of these Schedule II controlled substances. Seventy-nine in-depth interviews were conducted.…
Descriptors: Stress Variables, Reading Comprehension, Stimulants, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Watson, Silvana M. R.; Westby, Carol E.; Gable, Robert A. – Preventing School Failure, 2007
In this article, the authors review learning and behavioral problems of children exposed prenatally to alcohol and other drugs, focusing on executive-function deficits such as difficulty shifting tasks, maintaining attention, and manipulating information in working memory. They discuss various risk factors associated with prenatal drug exposure so…
Descriptors: Narcotics, Risk, Memory, Prenatal Influences
