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Tatiana Mikhaylova; Daniel Pettersson – Journal of Curriculum Studies, 2024
The concept of differentiation holds immense significance in education, touching upon aspects like access, inclusion, justice, and equality. However, it is also a complex and elusive notion, which acquires different meanings across historical and cultural contexts. This article explores the shifting reasoning about differentiation in the Swedish…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Individualized Instruction, Educational Policy, Politics of Education
Rani, M. Usha; Prakash, Srinivasan – Journal on Educational Psychology, 2015
Intelligence involves the ability to think, solve problems, analyze situations, and understand social values, customs, and norms. Intelligence is a general mental capability that involves the ability to reason, plan, think abstractly, comprehend ideas and language, and learn. Intellectual ability involves comprehension, understanding, and learning…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Intelligence Differences, High School Students, Intellectual Disciplines
van der Sluis, Sophie; Derom, Catherine; Thiery, Evert; Bartels, Meike; Polderman, Tinca J. C.; Verhulst, F. C.; Jacobs, Nele; van Gestel, Sofie; de Geus, Eco J. C.; Dolan, Conor V.; Boomsma, Dorret I.; Posthuma, Danielle – Intelligence, 2008
Sex differences on the Dutch WISC-R were examined in Dutch children (350 boys, 387 girls, age 11-13 years) and Belgian children (370 boys, 391 girls, age 9.5-13 years). Multi-group covariance and means structure analysis was used to establish whether the WISC-R was measurement invariant across sex, and whether sex differences on the level of the…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Gender Differences, Preadolescents, Early Adolescents

Thorndike, Robert L. – Educational Researcher, 1975
Binet's test, like all other used in education must be judged in terms of its ability to facilitate constructive adaptations of educational programs for individuals. Optimal educational treatment is seen as the challenge for the next 70 years. (AM)
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Measurement, Educational Quality, Intelligence Differences

Schroth, Marvin L. – Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1982
This study investigated the relationship between Jensen's Level I-Level II mental abilities and how they correlate with problem solving in college students. The Level I-Level II correlation was not significant, but intelligence and problem solving were significantly correlated. Results are discussed in relation to prior findings. (Author/RD)
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Correlation, Higher Education, Intelligence

Wechsler, David – American Psychologist, 1975
Major reasons for the continuing divergency of opinion as regards the nature and meaning of intelligence are examined. An appraisal of intelligence as a relative concept is proposed which advocates the necessity of specifying the reference systems to which a statement about intelligence refers. (EH)
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Measurement, Intelligence

Aks, Deborah J.; Coren, Stanley – Journal of Educational Psychology, 1990
To assess the effects of individual attentional focus differences on measures of mental skills, distractibility was studied for 272 first- and second-year college undergraduates through a speeded visual search task and tests of mental and verbal ability. Results suggest that perceptual/attentional factors are an important aspect of measured…
Descriptors: Attention, Cognitive Ability, Higher Education, Intelligence Differences
Colom, Roberto; Jung, Rex E.; Haier, Richard J. – Intelligence, 2006
It is unclear whether brain mechanisms underlying human intelligence are distributed throughout the brain or mainly concentrated in the frontal lobes. Data are inconsistent possibly due, at least in part, to the different ways the construct of intelligence is measured. Here we apply the method of correlated vectors to determine how the general…
Descriptors: Correlation, Neurological Organization, Brain, Intelligence Quotient
Lynn, Richard; Longley, David – Intelligence, 2006
A number of studies in the United States have found that Jews obtain higher average IQs than white gentiles. This paper examines whether this is also the case in Britain. Three early studies are summarized that found that Jews in Britain have mean IQs in the range of 110-113. New data are presented for two nationally representative samples of 7-16…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Jews, Intelligence Quotient, Sampling

Russell, Elbert W. – Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1982
The Revised Wechsler Memory Scale, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale subtests, and Halstead-Reitan battery were factor analyzed. Five types of memory were isolated: immediate verbal, recent verbal, recent figural, figural learning, and verbal learning storage. Loadings of memory and nonmemory tests indicate a closer relationship between some of…
Descriptors: Adults, Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Measurement, Factor Analysis

Morgan, Anna W.; Sullivan, Susan A.; Darden, Cindy; Gregg, Noel – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 1997
This study involving 30 college students with learning disabilities and 30 students without learning disabilities (ages 18-30) compared results obtained on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised and the Kaufman Adolescent and Adult Intelligence Test. Results found no significant differences between the two groups or between tests.…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Measurement, College Students, Intelligence Differences

Kleinfeld, J. S. – Review of Educational Research, 1973
This paper uses the eskimo as an illustration to argue that research based on a multi-ability model of intelligence such as the structure of intellect (Guilford, 1967) could identify cognitive strengths of culturally different groups and suggest occupational and educational areas where strengths could be used to advantage. (Author/SM)
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Measurement, Cultural Differences, Eskimos

Raz, Naftali; And Others – Intelligence, 1983
The relationship between psychometric intelligence and rapid acoustic information processing was explored in two experiments using college students. Group differences occurred in threshold interstimulus intervals required for recognition and in speed. Results were interpreted as indicating better information processing efficiency (higher…
Descriptors: Auditory Discrimination, Auditory Stimuli, Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Processes
Sanua, Victor D. – 1970
The author presents a discussion of certain portions of Arthur Jensen's controversial article. The general conclusion is that Jensen has not provided substantial evidence that there are differences in neural structure among children from different social or ethnic groups which are genetically determined. The reviewer reacts to Jensen's conclusion…
Descriptors: Academic Ability, Academic Aptitude, Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Development

Reynolds, Cecil R.; Jensen, Arthur R. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 1983
Groups of 270 Black and 270 White children drawn from the national stratified random sample used in the standardization of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) were matched on age, sex, and WISC-R Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient to facilitate investigation of the patterns of specific cognitive abilities. (Author)
Descriptors: Age Differences, Behavior Patterns, Black Students, Cognitive Ability